Change in Brainstem Gray Matter Concentration Following a Mindfulness-Based Intervention is Correlated with Improvement in Psychological Well-Being.
Change in Brainstem Gray Matter Concentration Following a Mindfulness-Based Intervention is Correlated with Improvement in Psychological Well-Being.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnhum.2014.00033
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发表时间：
2014
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Lazar SW
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Singleton O;Hölzel BK;Vangel M;Brach N;Carmody J;Lazar SW
个人可以通过利用心理干预措施来提高心理健康水平（PWB），包括练习正念冥想，正念冥想被定义为对当下经历的非评判意识。我们最近报道，基于体素的磁化形态测定法制备的快速采集梯度回波 MRI 扫描检测到，为期 8 周的基于正念的减压 (MBSR) 课程导致多个大脑区域的灰质浓度增加，包括脑干的脑桥/中缝/蓝斑区域。鉴于脑桥和中缝在情绪和唤醒中的作用，我们假设该区域的变化可能是幸福感变化的基础。来自先前发布的数据集中的 14 名健康个体在参与 MBSR 之前和之后完成了解剖 MRI 并填写了 PWB 量表。 PWB 变化被用作先前显示 MBSR 前后变化的大脑区域内灰质密度变化的预测回归量。结果显示，在 MBSR 课程中，五个 PWB 子量表的分数以及 PWB 总分显着提高。这种变化与脑干中两个对称双侧簇中灰质浓度的增加呈正相关。这些簇似乎包含脑桥被盖、蓝斑、中缝脑桥核和感觉三叉神经核的区域。没有集群与 PWB 的变化呈负相关。这项初步研究表明增强的 PWB 存在神经相关性。已确定的大脑区域包括神经递质、去甲肾上腺素和血清素的合成和释放位点，这些区域参与觉醒和情绪的调节，并与多种情感功能以及相关的临床功能障碍有关。
Individuals can improve their levels of psychological well-being (PWB) through utilization of psychological interventions, including the practice of mindfulness meditation, which is defined as the non-judgmental awareness of experiences in the present moment. We recently reported that an 8-week-mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) course lead to increases in gray matter concentration in several brain areas, as detected with voxel-based morphometry of magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo MRI scans, including the pons/raphe/locus coeruleus area of the brainstem. Given the role of the pons and raphe in mood and arousal, we hypothesized that changes in this region might underlie changes in well-being. A subset of 14 healthy individuals from a previously published data set completed anatomical MRI and filled out the PWB scale before and after MBSR participation. PWB change was used as the predictive regressor for changes in gray matter density within those brain regions that had previously shown pre- to post-MBSR changes. Results showed that scores on five PWB subscales as well as the PWB total score increased significantly over the MBSR course. The change was positively correlated with gray matter concentration increases in two symmetrically bilateral clusters in the brainstem. Those clusters appeared to contain the area of the pontine tegmentum, locus coeruleus, nucleus raphe pontis, and the sensory trigeminal nucleus. No clusters were negatively correlated with the change in PWB. This preliminary study suggests a neural correlate of enhanced PWB. The identified brain areas include the sites of synthesis and release of the neurotransmitters, norepinephrine and serotonin, which are involved in the modulation of arousal and mood, and have been related to a variety of affective functions as well as associated clinical dysfunctions.
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