Meiosis: making a break for it.
Meiosis: making a break for it.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.ceb.2010.08.016
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发表时间：
2010-12
影响因子：
7.5
通讯作者：
Yanowitz, Judith
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Yanowitz, Judith
大多数真核生物物种的延续需要多能祖细胞分化为卵子和精子，随后这些配子融合形成新的合子。减数分裂是配子形成的一个显著特征，因为它导致染色体数目减少两倍，从而在世代之间保持倍性。这一过程通过染色体的随机分离和同源亲本染色体之间的遗传物质交换（称为减数分裂交叉重组）来增加后代的多样性。这些交换需要建立独特和动态的染色质构型，以促进凝聚力、同源配对、突触、双链断裂形成和修复。这些事件的精确编排是至关重要的配子生存证明了大多数的人类非整倍性，可以追溯到第一减数分裂分裂的缺陷。这篇综述将集中在我们的理解的关键减数分裂事件和如何协调这些事件发生的最新进展。
The perpetuation of most eukaryotic species requires differentiation of pluripotent progenitors into egg and sperm and subsequent fusion of these gametes to form a new zygote. Meiosis is a distinguishing feature of gamete formation as it leads to the two-fold reduction in chromosome number thereby maintaining ploidy across generations. This process increases offspring diversity through the random segregation of chromosomes and the exchange of genetic material between homologous parental chromosomes, known as meiotic crossover recombination. These exchanges require the establishment of unique and dynamic chromatin configurations that facilitate cohesion, homologue pairing, synapsis, double strand break formation and repair. The precise orchestration of these events is critical for gamete survival as evidenced by the majority of human aneuploidies that can be traced to defects in the first meiotic division This review will focus on recent advances in our understanding of key meiotic events and how coordination of these events is occurring.
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