Some southern African plant species used to treat helminth infections in ethnoveterinary medicine have excellent antifungal activities.
Some southern African plant species used to treat helminth infections in ethnoveterinary medicine have excellent antifungal activities.
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DOI：
10.1186/1472-6882-12-213
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发表时间：
2012-11-07
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Eloff JN
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adamu M;Naidoo V;Eloff JN
由微生物和寄生虫引起的疾病仍然是全球，特别是撒哈拉以南非洲地区人类和牲畜面临的主要挑战。对现有抗菌剂的耐药性和抗菌剂的高成本或不可用使问题复杂化。许多农村人使用植物来治疗这些感染。因为一些驱虫药，如苯并咪唑类也有良好的抗真菌活性，我们研究了13种植物的提取物的抗真菌活性，用于在南部非洲治疗胃肠道蠕虫感染的牲畜和man. Anti-fungal活性丙酮叶提取物测定通过系列微量稀释与四唑紫作为生长指示剂对烟曲霉，新型隐球菌和白色念珠菌。这些病原体在免疫受损患者的机会性感染中起重要作用。MTT法测定细胞毒活性。计算治疗指数并确定对不同病原体的选择性。提出了一种计算杀菌活性和抑菌活性之间关系的方法。计算了不同植物物种的总活性。结果表明，13种提取物均具有较好的抑菌活性，其中，三种提取物对烟曲霉的MIC值均为0.02 mg/mL，花椒、大青、鸡血藤对烟曲霉的MIC值均为0.04 mg/mL。烟熏。结果表明，不同浓度的野黄皮提取物的细胞毒活性（LC_（50））最低，为0.17mg/mL，其治疗指数为2.65。烟熏。对A.对烟曲霉（A. fumigatus）的总杀菌活性为3395 mL/g，总杀菌率为98%。烟熏。这意味着1克丙酮叶提取物可以稀释到3.4升，它仍然会抑制生长。光叶大青、花椒和鸡血藤提取物也得到了令人满意的结果。一些用于治疗寄生虫感染的植物提取物也具有良好的抗真菌活性。由于通过生物测定引导的分级分离更容易分离抗真菌化合物，因此这种方法可能有助于从活性植物提取物中分离驱虫化合物。这种方法的可行性可以通过分离抗真菌化合物，然后确定其驱虫活性来测试。这些植物提取物中的一些也可用于对抗真菌感染。
Diseases caused by microorganisms and parasites remain a major challenge globally and particularly in sub-Saharan Africa to man and livestock. Resistance to available antimicrobials and the high cost or unavailability of antimicrobials complicates matters. Many rural people use plants to treat these infections. Because some anthelmintics e.g. benzimidazoles also have good antifungal activity we examined the antifungal activity of extracts of 13 plant species used in southern Africa to treat gastrointestinal helminth infections in livestock and in man. Antifungal activity of acetone leaf extracts was determined by serial microdilution with tetrazolium violet as growth indicator against Aspergillus fumigatus, Cryptococcus neoformans and Candida albicans. These pathogens play an important role in opportunistic infections of immune compromised patients. Cytotoxicity was determined by MTT cellular assay. Therapeutic indices were calculated and selectivity for different pathogens determined. We proposed a method to calculate the relation between microbicidal and microbistatic activities. Total activities for different plant species were calculated. On the whole, all 13 extracts had good antifungal activities with MIC values as low as 0.02 mg/mL for extracts of Clausena anisata against Aspergillus fumigatus and 0.04 mg/mL for extracts of Zanthoxylum capense, Clerodendrum glabrum, and Milletia grandis, against A. fumigatus. Clausena anisata extracts had the lowest cytotoxicity (LC50) of 0.17 mg/mL, a reasonable therapeutic index (2.65) against A. fumigatus. It also had selective activity against A. fumigatus, an overall fungicidal activity of 98% and a total activity of 3395 mL/g against A. fumigatus. This means that 1 g of acetone leaf extract can be diluted to 3.4 litres and it would still inhibit the growth. Clerodendrum glabrum, Zanthoxylum capense and Milletia grandis extracts also yielded promising results. Some plant extracts used for treatment of parasitic infections also have good antifungal activity. Because it is much easier to isolate antifungal compounds by bioassay guided fractionation, this approach may facilitate the isolation of anthelmintic compounds from active plant extracts. The viability of this approach can be tested by isolating the antifungal compounds and then determining its anthelmintic activity. Some of these plant extracts may also be useful in combating fungal infections.
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影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Kotzé, M;Eloff, JN
通讯作者：
Eloff, JN
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Nchu, F.;Maniania, N. K.;Eloff, J. N.
通讯作者：
Eloff, J. N.
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Eloff, JN
通讯作者：
Eloff, JN
影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Hamza, Omar J. M.;den Beukel, Carolien J. P. van den Bout-van;Verweij, Paul E.
通讯作者：
Verweij, Paul E.
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Bosman, AA;Combrinck, S;McCrindle, R
通讯作者：
McCrindle, R