Regulatory Mechanism of Trap Formation in the Nematode-Trapping Fungi.

Regulatory Mechanism of Trap Formation in the Nematode-Trapping Fungi.
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DOI:
10.3390/jof8040406
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发表时间:
2022-04-16
期刊:
Journal of fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
影响因子:
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其他
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捕食线虫真菌在植物寄生线虫生物防治中发挥着重要作用。作为一种捕食者,NT真菌可以分化成被称为“陷阱”的特殊结构,在缺乏营养的条件下捕获、杀死和消耗线虫。因此,圈闭的形成也是NT真菌从腐生生活方式向捕食生活方式转变的重要标志。随着基因敲除和基因组学、转录组学、代谢组学等多重组学的发展,越来越多的研究试图探讨NT真菌陷阱形成的调控机制。本文根据这一领域的最新发现,综述了NT真菌陷阱形成的潜在调控机制。根据各种突变体的表型和多组学分析,信号通路在TRAP的形成中起着特别重要的作用,并讨论了小分子化合物、毒素小体、过氧化物体、自噬和pH敏感受体在TRAP形成中的作用。此外,我们还指出了今后阐明NT真菌诱捕形成机制的研究重点。
Nematode-trapping (NT) fungi play a significant role in the biological control of plant- parasitic nematodes. NT fungi, as a predator, can differentiate into specialized structures called “traps” to capture, kill, and consume nematodes at a nutrient-deprived condition. Therefore, trap formation is also an important indicator that NT fungi transition from a saprophytic to a predacious lifestyle. With the development of gene knockout and multiple omics such as genomics, transcriptomics, and metabolomics, increasing studies have tried to investigate the regulation mechanism of trap formation in NT fungi. This review summarizes the potential regulatory mechanism of trap formation in NT fungi based on the latest findings in this field. Signaling pathways have been confirmed to play an especially vital role in trap formation based on phenotypes of various mutants and multi-omics analysis, and the involvement of small molecule compounds, woronin body, peroxisome, autophagy, and pH-sensing receptors in the formation of traps are also discussed. In addition, we also highlight the research focus for elucidating the mechanism underlying trap formation of NT fungi in the future.
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