Seed shattering: from models to crops.
Seed shattering: from models to crops.
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种子落粒：从模型到农作物
DOI：
10.3389/fpls.2015.00476
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5.6
通讯作者：
Wang YZ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dong Y;Wang YZ
在野生植物中，种子碎裂（或荚果开裂或果实脱落）对其后代的繁殖至关重要，但也是作物产量损失的主要原因。在拟南芥（Arabidopsis thaliana）中，荚果开裂需要沿荚果瓣边缘形成脱落带。在单子叶植物中，如谷类植物，种子碎裂过程需要花梗上的脱落层。在过去的十年中，在鉴定分离细胞身份建立的复杂调控网络中所涉及的遗传因子方面取得了很大的进展。本文综述了近年来在荚果开裂和果实脱落遗传调控方面的研究进展，重点介绍了模式种拟南芥及其近缘种和肉质果种番茄的研究进展，以及驯化作物籽粒脱落平行损失的遗传基础。本文综述了这些个体基因是如何在保证种子破碎的组织发育过程中被共同选择的。研究种子碎裂的遗传机制为未来作物的育种计划提供了先决条件。
Seed shattering (or pod dehiscence, or fruit shedding) is essential for the propagation of their offspring in wild plants but is a major cause of yield loss in crops. In the dicot model species, Arabidopsis thaliana, pod dehiscence necessitates a development of the abscission zones along the pod valve margins. In monocots, such as cereals, an abscission layer in the pedicle is required for the seed shattering process. In the past decade, great advances have been made in characterizing the genetic contributors that are involved in the complex regulatory network in the establishment of abscission cell identity. We summarize the recent burgeoning progress in the field of genetic regulation of pod dehiscence and fruit shedding, focusing mainly on the model species A. thaliana with its close relatives and the fleshy fruit species tomato, as well as the genetic basis responsible for the parallel loss of seed shattering in domesticated crops. This review shows how these individual genes are co-opted in the developmental process of the tissues that guarantee seed shattering. Research into the genetic mechanism underlying seed shattering provides a premier prerequisite for the future breeding program for harvest in crops.
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