Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and IQ in 7-year-old children.
Prenatal exposure to organophosphate pesticides and IQ in 7-year-old children.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.1003185
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发表时间：
2011-08
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Eskenazi B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bouchard MF;Chevrier J;Harley KG;Kogut K;Vedar M;Calderon N;Trujillo C;Johnson C;Bradman A;Barr DB;Eskenazi B
背景：有机磷（OP）农药在高剂量下具有神经毒性。很少有研究探讨长期接触较低水平的辐射是否会对儿童的认知发育产生不利影响。目的：我们研究了学龄儿童产前和产后暴露于OP农药和认知能力之间的关系。研究方法：我们在加州一个农业社区的主要拉丁裔农场工人家庭中进行了一项出生队列研究（萨利纳斯母亲和儿童健康评估中心研究）。我们通过测量怀孕期间和6个月、1岁、2岁、3.5岁和5岁儿童尿液中磷酸二烷基酯（DAP）代谢物来评估OP农药的暴露。我们管理韦氏儿童智力量表，第四版，以329名7岁的儿童。分析调整了母亲的教育和智力，家庭观察测量的环境评分，和语言的认知评估。结果如下：在怀孕的前半期和后半期测量的尿DAP浓度与认知评分具有相似的关系，因此我们在进一步分析中使用怀孕期间测量的浓度的平均值。母亲的平均DAP浓度与工作记忆、处理速度、言语理解、知觉推理和全面智商（IQ）的得分较差相关。母亲DAP浓度最高的五分之一的儿童与最低的五分之一的儿童相比，智商平均下降7.0分。然而，儿童的尿DAP浓度与认知评分并不一致。结论：出生前而非出生后尿DAP浓度与7岁儿童智力发育不良有关。本研究中的母体尿DAP浓度较高，但仍在美国一般人群中测量的水平范围内。
Context: Organophosphate (OP) pesticides are neurotoxic at high doses. Few studies have examined whether chronic exposure at lower levels could adversely affect children’s cognitive development. Objective: We examined associations between prenatal and postnatal exposure to OP pesticides and cognitive abilities in school-age children. Methods: We conducted a birth cohort study (Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas study) among predominantly Latino farmworker families from an agricultural community in California. We assessed exposure to OP pesticides by measuring dialkyl phosphate (DAP) metabolites in urine collected during pregnancy and from children at 6 months and 1, 2, 3.5, and 5 years of age. We administered the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, 4th edition, to 329 children 7 years of age. Analyses were adjusted for maternal education and intelligence, Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment score, and language of cognitive assessment. Results: Urinary DAP concentrations measured during the first and second half of pregnancy had similar relations to cognitive scores, so we used the average of concentrations measured during pregnancy in further analyses. Averaged maternal DAP concentrations were associated with poorer scores for Working Memory, Processing Speed, Verbal Comprehension, Perceptual Reasoning, and Full-Scale intelligence quotient (IQ). Children in the highest quintile of maternal DAP concentrations had an average deficit of 7.0 IQ points compared with those in the lowest quintile. However, children’s urinary DAP concentrations were not consistently associated with cognitive scores. Conclusions: Prenatal but not postnatal urinary DAP concentrations were associated with poorer intellectual development in 7-year-old children. Maternal urinary DAP concentrations in the present study were higher but nonetheless within the range of levels measured in the general U.S. population.
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影响因子：
5.4
作者：
Handal, Alexis J.;Lozoff, Betsy;Harlow, Sioban D.
通讯作者：
Harlow, Sioban D.
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Eskenazi B;Harley K;Bradman A;Weltzien E;Jewell NP;Barr DB;Furlong CE;Holland NT
通讯作者：
Holland NT
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Harari R;Julvez J;Murata K;Barr D;Bellinger DC;Debes F;Grandjean P
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Grandjean P
年轻墨西哥裔美国儿童的有机磷酸农药暴露和神经发育。
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Eskenazi, Brenda;Marks, Amy R.;Bradman, Asa;Harley, Kim;Barr, Dana B.;Johnson, Caroline;Morga, Norma;Jewell, Nicholas A.
通讯作者：
Jewell, Nicholas A.
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Lubin JH;Colt JS;Camann D;Davis S;Cerhan JR;Severson RK;Bernstein L;Hartge P
通讯作者：
Hartge P