Individual differences in biological regulation: Predicting vulnerability to drug addiction, obesity, and other dysregulatory disorders.
Individual differences in biological regulation: Predicting vulnerability to drug addiction, obesity, and other dysregulatory disorders.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1037/pha0000371
复制
发表时间：
2020-08
影响因子：
2.3
通讯作者：
Woods SC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ramsay DS;Kaiyala KJ;Woods SC
生理调节是生存的基础，自然选择极大地促进了强大的调节系统的进化，这些系统利用反应性和先发制人的反应来缓解生物和环境挑战对生理功能的破坏性影响。在健康状况良好的情况下，强大的监管系统几乎无法洞察实现成功监管的典型隐藏的传感器-效应器相互作用阵列。许多健康障碍都被追溯到调节机制有缺陷，几代科学家都在努力寻找纠正这些缺陷和恢复正常生理功能的方法。尽管取得了进展，但许多慢性健康疾病仍然对治疗具有抵抗力，事实上，某些疾病的发病率正在上升。我们认为，一个人患上某些持续性调节障碍的易感性可以追溯到这个人的监管系统对挑战的反应方式上的个体间差异。监管系统之间先前存在的可靠的个体差异通常不被认识到，直到适当的监管挑战(例如，接触滥用药物)导致监管失调(例如，吸毒)。个体调节反应的具体特征可能包括参与获得、升级和维持以调节失调为特征的健康障碍的病原学因素。通过适当地挑战健康个体的监管系统以确定其潜在特征，可以确定一个人是否有更高的风险获得调节失调的健康状况，从而使旨在预防而不是治疗这种状况的战略成为可能。这一模型被应用于药物成瘾，此外，我们还将这一方法与其他调节失调的情况联系起来，如肥胖。
Physiological regulation is so fundamental to survival that natural selection has greatly favored the evolution of robust regulatory systems that utilize both reactive and preemptive responses to mitigate the disruptive impact of biological and environmental challenges on physiological function. In good health, robust regulatory systems provide little insight into the typically-hidden complex array of sensor-effector interactions that accomplish successful regulation. Numerous health disorders have been traced to defective regulatory mechanisms, and generations of scientists have worked to discover ways to correct these defects and restore normal physiological function. Despite progress, numerous chronic health disorders remain resistant to treatment, and indeed for some disorders the incidence is increasing. We propose that an individual’s susceptibility to acquire certain persistent dysregulatory disorders can be traced to inter-individual variation in how that individual’s regulatory system responds to challenges. Pre-existing reliable individual differences among regulatory systems are typically unrecognized until appropriate regulatory challenges (e.g., exposure to a drug of abuse) lead to dysregulation (e.g., drug addiction). Specific characteristics of an individual’s regulatory responsiveness may include etiological factors that participate in the acquisition, escalation and maintenance of health disorders characterized by dysregulation. By appropriately challenging a healthy individual’s regulatory systems to identify its underlying characteristics, it is possible to ascertain whether an individual has an elevated risk for acquiring a dysregulated health condition and thereby enable strategies designed to prevent, rather than treat, the condition. This model is applied to drug addiction, and in addition we relate this approach to other dysregulated conditions such as obesity.
登录
查看更多内容
影响因子：
8.8
作者：
Inoue Y;Qin B;Poti J;Sokol R;Gordon-Larsen P
通讯作者：
Gordon-Larsen P
影响因子：
--
作者：
Himmelsbach, CK
通讯作者：
Himmelsbach, CK
影响因子：
4.3
作者：
HAEFELY, W
通讯作者：
HAEFELY, W
影响因子：
--
作者：
HOLMES, JH;GREGERSEN, MI
通讯作者：
GREGERSEN, MI
影响因子：
--
作者：
Gilman, A
通讯作者：
Gilman, A