In vivo estimation of gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in the neonatal brain.
In vivo estimation of gamma-aminobutyric acid levels in the neonatal brain.
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DOI：
10.1002/nbm.3666
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发表时间：
2017-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Obata, Takayuki
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Tomiyasu, Moyoko;Aida, Noriko;Shibasaki, Jun;Umeda, Masahiro;Murata, Katsutoshi;Heberlein, Keith;Brown, Mark A.;Shimizu, Eiji;Tsuji, Hiroshi;Obata, Takayuki
关键词：
γ-氨基丁酸（GABA）是大脑中主要的抑制性神经递质，在大脑发育中起着关键作用。然而，在生命早期大脑GABA的体内水平是未知的。使用编辑的MRS，体内GABA可以被检测为GABA+信号，具有大分子信号的污染。GABA+评价为GABA+/参比化合物的峰比，通常使用肌酸（Cr）或水。然而，这些参比品的浓度以及T1和T2弛豫时间在开发过程中发生变化。因此，新生儿和儿童之间的峰值比率比较可能不准确。本研究的目的是测量在体新生儿脑GABA+水平，并调查GABA水平的依赖性脑区域和年龄。使用GABA编辑的MRS测量了38名新生儿和12名儿童的基底神经节和小脑。使用两种不同的方法获得GABA+水平：（i）将GABA/水比率乘以水浓度;（ii）将GABA+/Cr乘以Cr浓度。与两个区域的儿童相比，新生儿表现出显著较低的GABA+水平，无论采用何种方法，与先前的体外数据一致。除小脑中的GABA+/Cr外，新生儿中的GABA+/水和GABA+/Cr均低于儿童。这一对比的结果导致显着较低的铬浓度在新生儿小脑，这是约52%的儿童。总之，在比较不同年龄受试者之间的GABA+/Cr水平时，应注意考虑Cr浓度。
Gamma‐aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, and plays a key role in brain development. However, the in vivo levels of brain GABA in early life are unknown. Using edited MRS, in vivo GABA can be detected as GABA+ signal with contamination of macromolecule signals. GABA+ is evaluated as the peak ratio of GABA+/reference compound, for which creatine (Cr) or water is typically used. However, the concentrations and T 1 and T 2 relaxation times of these references change during development. Thus, the peak ratio comparison between neonates and children may be inaccurate. The aim of this study was to measure in vivo neonatal brain GABA+ levels, and to investigate the dependency of GABA levels on brain region and age. The basal ganglia and cerebellum of 38 neonates and 12 children were measured using GABA‐edited MRS. Two different approaches were used to obtain GABA+ levels: (i) multiplying the GABA/water ratio by the water concentration; and (ii) multiplying the GABA+/Cr by the Cr concentration. Neonates exhibited significantly lower GABA+ levels compared with children in both regions, regardless of the approach employed, consistent with previous ex vivo data. A similar finding of lower GABA+/water and GABA+/Cr in neonates compared with children was observed, except for GABA+/Cr in the cerebellum. This contrasting finding resulted from significantly lower Cr concentrations in the neonate cerebellum, which were approximately 52% of those of children. In conclusion, care should be taken to consider Cr concentrations when comparing GABA+/Cr levels between different‐aged subjects.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Tomiyasu M;Aida N;Endo M;Shibasaki J;Nozawa K;Shimizu E;Tsuji H;Obata T
通讯作者：
Obata T
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Kreis, R;Hofmann, L;Hüppi, PS
通讯作者：
Hüppi, PS
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Puts, Nicolaas A. J.;Barker, Peter B.;Edden, Richard A. E.
通讯作者：
Edden, Richard A. E.
影响因子：
4.4
作者：
Mader, I;Seeger, U;Klose, U
通讯作者：
Klose, U
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Near, Jamie;Simpson, Robin;Jezzard, Peter
通讯作者：
Jezzard, Peter