Occurrence of Isopenicillin-N-Synthase Homologs in Bioluminescent Ctenophores and Implications for Coelenterazine Biosynthesis.
Occurrence of Isopenicillin-N-Synthase Homologs in Bioluminescent Ctenophores and Implications for Coelenterazine Biosynthesis.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0128742
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Haddock SH
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Francis WR;Shaner NC;Christianson LM;Powers ML;Haddock SH
几十年来，腔肠素的生物合成仍然是一个谜。虽然并非所有使用腔肠素的生物都能自己制造，但人们认为栉水母可能是一种生产者。在这里，我们分析了24种栉水母的转录组数据，其中两个已公布的基因组。腔肠素的天然前体已显示为氨基酸L-酪氨酸和L-苯丙氨酸，其中最可能的生物合成途径涉及三肽Phe-Tyr-Tyr（“FYY”）的环化和进一步修饰。因此，我们在栉水母转录组数据中搜索了编码序列中含有短肽“FYY”的基因。我们恢复了一组候选基因腔肠素生物合成的发光物种编码一组高度保守的非血红素铁氧化酶类似的异青霉素-N-合酶。这些基因在两个非发光物种的转录组和基因组中均不存在。成对的身份和替代率揭示了一个异常高的身份，即使是最不相关的物种之间。此外，在所有栉水母中发现了两组相关的非血红素铁氧化酶，包括那些不发光的，反对这两个基因组参与发光。铁结合的重要残基在三组中的所有蛋白质中是保守的，这表明这种功能仍然存在。鉴于已知的功能，这个蛋白质超家族的其他成员参与杂环的形成，我们认为这些基因是最佳候选人的实验室表征或基因敲除腔肠素生物合成的调查。
The biosynthesis of the luciferin coelenterazine has remained a mystery for decades. While not all organisms that use coelenterazine appear to make it themselves, it is thought that ctenophores are a likely producer. Here we analyze the transcriptome data of 24 species of ctenophores, two of which have published genomes. The natural precursors of coelenterazine have been shown to be the amino acids L-tyrosine and L-phenylalanine, with the most likely biosynthetic pathway involving cyclization and further modification of the tripeptide Phe-Tyr-Tyr (“FYY”). Therefore, we searched the ctenophore transcriptome data for genes with the short peptide “FYY” as part of their coding sequence. We recovered a group of candidate genes for coelenterazine biosynthesis in the luminous species which encode a set of highly conserved non-heme iron oxidases similar to isopenicillin-N-synthase. These genes were absent in the transcriptomes and genome of the two non-luminous species. Pairwise identities and substitution rates reveal an unusually high degree of identity even between the most unrelated species. Additionally, two related groups of non-heme iron oxidases were found across all ctenophores, including those which are non-luminous, arguing against the involvement of these two gene groups in luminescence. Important residues for iron-binding are conserved across all proteins in the three groups, suggesting this function is still present. Given the known functions of other members of this protein superfamily are involved in heterocycle formation, we consider these genes to be top candidates for laboratory characterization or gene knockouts in the investigation of coelenterazine biosynthesis.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.201329798
发表时间：
2001-09-25
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Haddock, SHD;Rivers, TJ;Robison, BH
通讯作者：
Robison, BH
影响因子：
2.7
作者：
FREEMAN, G;REYNOLDS, GT
通讯作者：
REYNOLDS, GT
影响因子：
10.7
作者：
Katoh K;Standley DM
通讯作者：
Standley DM
DOI：
10.1073/pnas.74.10.4285
发表时间：
1977-01-01
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
HORI, K;CHARBONNEAU, H;CORMIER, MJ
通讯作者：
CORMIER, MJ
影响因子：
3
作者：
Camacho C;Coulouris G;Avagyan V;Ma N;Papadopoulos J;Bealer K;Madden TL
通讯作者：
Madden TL