Violence: heightened brain attentional network response is selectively muted in Down syndrome.
Violence: heightened brain attentional network response is selectively muted in Down syndrome.
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DOI：
10.1186/s11689-015-9112-y
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
4.9
通讯作者：
Korenberg JR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson JS;Treiman SM;Ferguson MA;Nielsen JA;Edgin JO;Dai L;Gerig G;Korenberg JR
对威胁的识别和适当反应的能力对生存至关重要，并且可以使用媒体暴力的预防来探索促进对威胁的注意的神经基质。唐氏综合症患者对潜在威胁的神经反应是否不同尚不清楚。我们进行了功能性MRI扫描的15个青少年和成人唐氏综合征和14个典型的发展中国家的个人，组匹配的年龄和性别，在50分钟的被动卡通观看。大脑激活的听觉和视觉功能，暴力，以及存在的主角和拮抗剂进行了比较跨卡通片段。来自大脑背侧注意力网络的fMRI信号与唐氏综合症患者和对照组的卡通片中的主题和暴力事件进行了比较。我们发现，在典型的发育过程中，大脑的背侧注意力网络在卡通中的暴力场景中最为活跃，而唐氏综合症患者的这种情况明显减少。当拮抗剂出现在屏幕上时，唐氏综合征患者左内侧颞叶的激活明显减少。当场景代表更大的相对威胁时，唐氏综合症患者和对照组个体的注意力大脑激活之间的差异增加了。背侧注意力网络的时间自相关性降低，与唐氏综合征的注意力持续时间缩短一致。唐氏综合征患者的初级感觉皮层的激活明显减少，这种感知障碍可能会限制他们对更复杂的社会线索（如暴力）做出反应的能力。这些研究结果可能表明，在唐氏综合征的暴力情绪感知的相对赤字，可能介导的感官知觉受损和内侧颞叶结构的低激活的威胁，与亲社会的大脑区域的活动相对保存。这些发现表明，与唐氏综合症相关的特定遗传差异可以调节大脑对暴力和其他复杂情感想法的反应。本文的在线版本（doi：10.1186/s11689-015-9112-y）包含补充材料，可供授权用户使用。
The ability to recognize and respond appropriately to threat is critical to survival, and the neural substrates subserving attention to threat may be probed using depictions of media violence. Whether neural responses to potential threat differ in Down syndrome is not known. We performed functional MRI scans of 15 adolescent and adult Down syndrome and 14 typically developing individuals, group matched by age and gender, during 50 min of passive cartoon viewing. Brain activation to auditory and visual features, violence, and presence of the protagonist and antagonist were compared across cartoon segments. fMRI signal from the brain’s dorsal attention network was compared to thematic and violent events within the cartoons between Down syndrome and control samples. We found that in typical development, the brain’s dorsal attention network was most active during violent scenes in the cartoons and that this was significantly and specifically reduced in Down syndrome. When the antagonist was on screen, there was significantly less activation in the left medial temporal lobe of individuals with Down syndrome. As scenes represented greater relative threat, the disparity between attentional brain activation in Down syndrome and control individuals increased. There was a reduction in the temporal autocorrelation of the dorsal attention network, consistent with a shortened attention span in Down syndrome. Individuals with Down syndrome exhibited significantly reduced activation in primary sensory cortices, and such perceptual impairments may constrain their ability to respond to more complex social cues such as violence. These findings may indicate a relative deficit in emotive perception of violence in Down syndrome, possibly mediated by impaired sensory perception and hypoactivation of medial temporal structures in response to threats, with relative preservation of activity in pro-social brain regions. These findings indicate that specific genetic differences associated with Down syndrome can modulate the brain’s response to violence and other complex emotive ideas. The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s11689-015-9112-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.0504136102
发表时间：
2005-07-05
影响因子：
11.1
作者：
Fox, MD;Snyder, AZ;Raichle, ME
通讯作者：
Raichle, ME
对左脑和右脑假说的评估，并具有静止状态功能连通性磁共振成像。
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Nielsen JA;Zielinski BA;Ferguson MA;Lainhart JE;Anderson JS
通讯作者：
Anderson JS
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Anderson, Jeffrey S.;Nielsen, Jared A.;Ferguson, Michael A.;Burback, Melissa C.;Cox, Elizabeth T.;Dai, Li;Gerig, Guido;Edgin, Jamie O.;Korenberg, Julie R.
通讯作者：
Korenberg, Julie R.
DOI：
10.1352/1944-7558-116.5.344
发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
2.1
作者：
Jacola, Lisa M.;Byars, Anna W.;Schapiro, Mark B.
通讯作者：
Schapiro, Mark B.
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Hahn LJ;Fidler DJ;Hepburn SL;Rogers SJ
通讯作者：
Rogers SJ