Side Wall Degradation of Chemically Amplified Resists Based on Poly(4-hydroxystyrene) for Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography

Side Wall Degradation of Chemically Amplified Resists Based on Poly(4-hydroxystyrene) for Extreme Ultraviolet Lithography
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用于极紫外光刻的基于聚(4-羟基苯乙烯)的化学放大抗蚀剂的侧壁降解

DOI:
10.1143/jjap.47.7822
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发表时间:
2008
影响因子:
1.5
通讯作者:
S. Tagawa
S. Tagawa
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理4区
文献类型:
--
作者:
T. Kozawa;S. Tagawa

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根据朗伯定律,入射极紫外(EUV)光子的强度随着与抗蚀剂表面的距离而减小。在化学放大抗蚀剂中,在深度方向上的酸浓度的初始梯度通过在后曝光烘烤期间的扩散而缓和。然而,酸扩散在22 nm节点处受到显著限制,在22 nm节点处EUV光刻与40-75 nm厚的抗蚀剂一起使用。在EUV抗蚀剂中,二次电子发射也影响酸的深度分布,这与光致抗蚀剂不同。在这项研究中,酸扩散限制和二次电子发射的影响上的侧壁轮廓的聚(4-羟基苯乙烯)为基础的抗蚀剂进行了研究,使用模拟的基础上EUV敏化机制。即使在75 nm的厚度下,二次电子的发射也会影响侧壁轮廓。然而,在22 nm的线和空间图案中,即使透明度为75%并且考虑到电子发射效应,在75 nm的膜厚度下也不能获得>88°的侧壁角。
The intensity of incident extreme ultraviolet (EUV) photons decreases with the distance from the resist surface according to Lambert's law. In chemically amplified resists, the initial gradient of acid concentration in the depth direction is moderated by diffusion during postexposure baking. However, acid diffusion is significantly restricted at the 22 nm node, at which EUV lithography is used with 40–75-nm-thick resists. In EUV resists, secondary-electron emission also affects the depth distribution of acids unlike that in photoresists. In this study, the effects of acid diffusion restriction and secondary-electron emission on the side wall profiles of poly(4-hydroxystyrene)-based resists were investigated using a simulation based on EUV sensitization mechanisms. Even at 75 nm thickness, the emission of secondary electrons affects the side wall profiles. However, in 22 nm line-and-space patterns, no side wall angle >88° can be obtained at a film thickness of 75 nm even if the transparency is 75% and the electron emission effect is taken into account.
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