Preoptic Area Modulation of Arousal in Natural and Drug Induced Unconscious States.
Preoptic Area Modulation of Arousal in Natural and Drug Induced Unconscious States.
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DOI：
10.3389/fnins.2021.644330
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发表时间：
2021
影响因子：
4.3
通讯作者：
Kelz MB
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Reitz SL;Kelz MB
自20世纪初Constantin von Economo首次认识到下丘脑视前区（POA）在唤醒状态调节中的重要性以来，人们一直在研究它的作用。在过去的几十年里，POA已经被证明可以调节自然（睡眠和清醒）以及药物诱导（麻醉诱导的无意识）状态下的觉醒。虽然POA以其促进睡眠的作用而闻名，但该区域内促进觉醒的神经元数量也已被确定。然而，POA的复杂性和分子异质性使得区分这两个群体变得困难。尽管多项证据表明，全身麻醉药可以调节POA的活动，但该区域的异质性也使得确定参与睡眠/觉醒调节的相同神经元是否也可以调节对全身麻醉药的反应。虽然许多研究表明，促进睡眠的POA神经元被各种麻醉剂激活，但最近的研究表明，这并不适用于所有唤醒调节的POA神经元。技术创新使得分类和区分参与睡眠/觉醒调节以及麻醉诱导的无意识的神经元的分子身份变得越来越可能。在这里，我们回顾了目前对POA在自然和药物诱导的无意识形式的唤醒状态调节中的作用的理解，包括它的分子组织和与其他已知的睡眠和觉醒促进区域的联系。进一步了解觉醒调节POA神经元的分子特性和连通性对于充分理解这一复杂区域如何调节觉醒状态至关重要。
The role of the hypothalamic preoptic area (POA) in arousal state regulation has been studied since Constantin von Economo first recognized its importance in the early twentieth century. Over the intervening decades, the POA has been shown to modulate arousal in both natural (sleep and wake) as well as drug-induced (anesthetic-induced unconsciousness) states. While the POA is well known for its role in sleep promotion, populations of wake-promoting neurons within the region have also been identified. However, the complexity and molecular heterogeneity of the POA has made distinguishing these two populations difficult. Though multiple lines of evidence demonstrate that general anesthetics modulate the activity of the POA, the region’s heterogeneity has also made it challenging to determine whether the same neurons involved in sleep/wake regulation also modulate arousal in response to general anesthetics. While a number of studies show that sleep-promoting POA neurons are activated by various anesthetics, recent work suggests this is not universal to all arousal-regulating POA neurons. Technical innovations are making it increasingly possible to classify and distinguish the molecular identities of neurons involved in sleep/wake regulation as well as anesthetic-induced unconsciousness. Here, we review the current understanding of the POA’s role in arousal state regulation of both natural and drug-induced forms of unconsciousness, including its molecular organization and connectivity to other known sleep and wake promoting regions. Further insights into the molecular identities and connectivity of arousal-regulating POA neurons will be critical in fully understanding how this complex region regulates arousal states.
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影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Kumar S;Szymusiak R;Bashir T;Suntsova N;Rai S;McGinty D;Alam MN
通讯作者：
Alam MN
影响因子：
16.2
作者：
Cappuccio FP;D'Elia L;Strazzullo P;Miller MA
通讯作者：
Miller MA
影响因子：
4.7
作者：
Al Khatib, H. K.;Harding, S. V.;Pot, G. K.
通讯作者：
Pot, G. K.
影响因子：
25
作者：
DeNardo, Laura A.;Liu, Cindy D.;Luo, Liqun
通讯作者：
Luo, Liqun
DOI：
10.1152/ajpregu.1995.269.5.r1240
发表时间：
1995-11-01
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
ALAM, MN;MCGINTY, D;SZYMUSIAK, R
通讯作者：
SZYMUSIAK, R