On the growth and internal structure of the human lens.
On the growth and internal structure of the human lens.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.exer.2010.01.013
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发表时间：
2010-06
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Augusteyn, Robert C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Augusteyn, Robert C.
使用对尺寸、重量、细胞大小、蛋白质梯度和其他性质的体内和体外观察来检查人透镜的生长及其内部特征的发育。体外研究表明，人类透镜的生长是双相的，直到出生后才逐渐增长，而在出生后的大部分时间里呈线性增长。这产生了两个不同的部分，产前和产后。出生前的生长模式导致形成一个固定尺寸的成年核核心，出生后形成一个不断扩大的皮质。核芯和皮质具有不同的性质，并且可以很容易地进行物理分离。在较旧的晶状体中，隔室之间的连通性和粘附性较差。体内裂隙灯检查显示透镜中有几个光学不连续区域。不同的命名法已被用来描述这些，最常见的识别胚胎，胎儿，青少年和成人的核以及皮层和外皮层。这一命名法隐含的想法是，核区是在确定的发展和增长时期产生的。本文综述了在体外观察到的两个隔室和裂隙灯摄影揭示的内部结构之间的关系。定义这种关系并不像看起来那么简单，因为重塑和细胞致密化主要发生在出生后的前20年。此外，不同的研究者在描述透镜的相同区域时使用不同的命名法。从尺寸、干物质含量和透镜和各个区域中的蛋白质分布的考虑，可以得出结论，幼年核和包含在其中的层以及大部分成年核实际上是在产前生命期间产生的，并且成年核在出生后3个月内完成，处于产前生长模式的最后阶段。出生后的进一步生长完全发生在皮层内。还可以证明，体外核芯对应于组合的裂隙灯核区。鉴于本次审查中提供的信息，使用术语胎儿、青少年和成年细胞核似乎不合适，应予以放弃。
Growth of the human lens and the development of its internal features are examined using in vivo and in vitro observations on dimensions, weights, cell sizes, protein gradients and other properties. In vitro studies have shown that human lens growth is biphasic, asymptotic until just after birth and linear for most of postnatal life. This generates two distinct compartments, the prenatal and the postnatal. The prenatal growth mode leads to the formation of an adult nuclear core of fixed dimensions and the postnatal, to an ever-expanding cortex. The nuclear core and the cortex have different properties and can readily be physically separated. Communication and adhesion between the compartments is poor in older lenses. In vivo slit lamp examination reveals several zones of optical discontinuity in the lens. Different nomenclatures have been used to describe these, with the most common recognizing the embryonic, foetal, juvenile and adult nuclei as well as the cortex and outer cortex. Implicit in this nomenclature is the idea that the nuclear zones were generated at defined periods of development and growth. This review examines the relationship between the two compartments observed in vitro and the internal structures revealed by slit lamp photography. Defining the relationship is not as simple as it might seem because of remodeling and cell compaction which take place, mostly in the first 20 years of postnatal life. In addition, different investigators use different nomenclatures when describing the same regions of the lens. From a consideration of the dimensions, the dry mass contents and the protein distributions in the lens and in the various zones, it can be concluded that the juvenile nucleus and the layers contained within it, as well as most of the adult nucleus, were actually produced during prenatal life and the adult nucleus was completed within 3 months after birth, in the final stages of the prenatal growth mode. Further postnatal growth takes place entirely within the cortex. It can also be demonstrated that the in vitro nuclear core corresponds to the combined slit lamp nuclear zones. In view of the information presented in this review, the use of the terms foetal, juvenile and adult nucleus seems inappropriate and should be abandoned.
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