Venus and Mars or Down to Earth: Stereotypes and Realities of Gender Differences.

Venus and Mars or Down to Earth: Stereotypes and Realities of Gender Differences.
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DOI:
10.1177/1745691610388768
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发表时间:
2010-11
期刊:
Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Fiske ST
Fiske ST
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Fiske ST

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心理科学家和外行人一样,经常以绝对的二分法思考,将男性和女性进行对比,夸大了群体之间的差异。这些充满价值的分歧往往使一方比另一方更有特权,这往往有利于科学家自己的身份群体。除了在学术思想市场上平衡观点外,科学家们还可以认识到污名的复杂性。性别,像许多类别,涉及两个基本方面的特点群体间的耻辱(和所有人际关系的看法):感知温暖和能力。这些维度确定了被认为具有矛盾心理的群体(例如,传统妇女的陈规定型观念是热情但不称职,而职业妇女据称有能力但冷漠)。在性别和其他领域,心理科学家可以超越价值负载二分法,并考虑基本的,连续的维度,我们认为沿着耻辱。
Psychological scientists, like lay people, often think in categorical dichotomies that contrast men and women and exaggerate the differences between groups. These value-laden divides tend to privilege one side over the other, often to the advantage of the scientists’ own identity group. Besides balancing perspectives in the academic marketplace of ideas, scientists can recognize the complexity of stigma. Gender, like many categories, entails two fundamental dimensions that characterize intergroup stigma (and all interpersonal perception): perceived warmth and competence. These dimensions identify groups viewed with ambivalence (e.g., traditional women are stereotypically warm but incompetent, whereas professional women are allegedly competent but cold). In gender and in other areas, psychological scientists can go beyond value-laden dichotomies and consider the fundamental, continuous dimensions along which we think about stigma.
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