Neuropeptide Y, peptide YY and pancreatic polypeptide in the gut-brain axis.
Neuropeptide Y, peptide YY and pancreatic polypeptide in the gut-brain axis.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.npep.2012.08.005
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发表时间：
2012-12
期刊：
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Farzi, Aitak
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Holzer, Peter;Reichmann, Florian;Farzi, Aitak
关键词：
肠脑轴指的是肠道和大脑之间的双向交流。四种信息载体（迷走神经和脊髓传入神经元、免疫介质如细胞因子、肠道激素和肠道微生物衍生的信号分子）将信息从肠道传递到大脑，而自主神经元和神经内分泌因子将信息从大脑传递到肠道。神经肽Y （NPY）家族的生物活性肽NPY，肽YY （PYY）和胰腺多肽（PP）的成员在肠-脑轴的不同水平上由细胞系统表达。PYY和PP仅在消化系统的内分泌细胞中表达，而NPY在肠-脑和脑-肠轴的各个水平均有表达。表达NPY的主要系统包括肠神经元、初级传入神经元、贯穿大脑的几种神经元通路和交感神经元。在消化道中，NPY和PYY抑制胃肠道运动和电解质分泌，从而改变对大脑的输入。PYY也受到肠道微生物群的影响，NPY通过刺激Y1受体发挥促炎作用。此外，NPY系统可以防止由外周免疫挑战引起的不同行为障碍，改善急性疾病反应并预防长期抑郁。在传入系统的水平上，NPY抑制从外周到脊髓和脑干的伤害性输入。在大脑中，NPY及其受体（Y1, Y2, Y4, Y5）在调节食物摄入，能量稳态，焦虑，情绪和应激恢复能力方面发挥重要作用。此外，PP和PYY向大脑发出信号，以减少食物摄入、焦虑和抑郁相关的行为。这些发现强调了NPY- y受体系统在肠-脑轴的几个水平上的重要作用，其中NPY、PYY和PP作为神经和内分泌的信使。
The gut–brain axis refers to the bidirectional communication between the gut and the brain. Four information carriers (vagal and spinal afferent neurons, immune mediators such as cytokines, gut hormones and gut microbiota-derived signalling molecules) transmit information from the gut to the brain, while autonomic neurons and neuroendocrine factors carry outputs from the brain to the gut. The members of the neuropeptide Y (NPY) family of biologically active peptides, NPY, peptide YY (PYY) and pancreatic polypeptide (PP), are expressed by cell systems at distinct levels of the gut–brain axis. PYY and PP are exclusively expressed by endocrine cells of the digestive system, whereas NPY is found at all levels of the gut–brain and brain–gut axis. The major systems expressing NPY comprise enteric neurons, primary afferent neurons, several neuronal pathways throughout the brain and sympathetic neurons. In the digestive tract, NPY and PYY inhibit gastrointestinal motility and electrolyte secretion and in this way modify the input to the brain. PYY is also influenced by the intestinal microbiota, and NPY exerts, via stimulation of Y1 receptors, a proinflammatory action. Furthermore, the NPY system protects against distinct behavioural disturbances caused by peripheral immune challenge, ameliorating the acute sickness response and preventing long-term depression. At the level of the afferent system, NPY inhibits nociceptive input from the periphery to the spinal cord and brainstem. In the brain, NPY and its receptors (Y1, Y2, Y4, Y5) play important roles in regulating food intake, energy homeostasis, anxiety, mood and stress resilience. In addition, PP and PYY signal to the brain to attenuate food intake, anxiety and depression-related behaviour. These findings underscore the important role of the NPY-Y receptor system at several levels of the gut–brain axis in which NPY, PYY and PP operate both as neural and endocrine messengers.
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影响因子：
5.8
作者：
Batterham, RL;Le Roux, CW;Bloom, SR
通讯作者：
Bloom, SR
DOI：
10.1016/j.bbrc.2003.10.089
发表时间：
2003-11-28
影响因子：
3.1
作者：
Challis, BG;Pinnock, SB;O'Rahilly, S
通讯作者：
O'Rahilly, S
影响因子：
3
作者：
Bedoui, Sammy;von Hoersten, Stephan;Gebhardt, Thomas
通讯作者：
Gebhardt, Thomas
影响因子：
3
作者：
Asakawa, A;Inui, A;Kasuga, M
通讯作者：
Kasuga, M
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
BOTTCHER, G;EKBLAD, E;SUNDLER, F
通讯作者：
SUNDLER, F