Longitudinal changes in cognition in young adult cannabis users.
Longitudinal changes in cognition in young adult cannabis users.
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DOI：
10.1080/13803395.2017.1385729
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发表时间：
2018-08
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Luciana M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Becker MP;Collins PF;Schultz A;Urošević S;Schmaling B;Luciana M
青少年大麻使用（CU）与注意力、执行功能和语言学习/记忆受损有关。这些关联通常在横断面研究中观察到。缺乏对大麻使用者的纵向研究。目前的研究考察了慢性每日青少年发作的CU与认知之间随时间的关系，与未使用对照组相比。两组人在研究开始时和两年后都完成了神经心理学测试。基线组差异已被公布，表明cu在言语学习和记忆、动机决策、计划和工作记忆方面存在缺陷。在这份后续报告中，将用户的纵向性能与持续使用相同电池的非用户的纵向性能进行了比较。在后续行动中，大多数单位继续报告经常和大量使用大麻。工作记忆、计划和言语记忆领域的相对损伤保持稳定，这表明这些是与青年期持续CU相关的持久脆弱性。两组在动机决策方面的改善都很明显。此外，cu在短时间快速任务上表现出相对较好的性能。随着时间的推移，较早的CU发病年龄与较差的语言学习、记忆和计划表现有关。语言学习、记忆和计划过程，以及它们的神经关联，值得在大麻引起的认知障碍的病因学模型中进一步研究。
Adolescent cannabis use (CU) is associated with impaired attention, executive function, and verbal learning/memory. These associations are generally observed in cross-sectional studies. Longitudinal studies of cannabis users are lacking. The present study examines associations between CU and cognition over time in chronic daily adolescent-onset CUs, as compared to non-using controls. Both groups completed a neuropsychological battery at study intake and again two years later. Baseline group differences have been published and indicated deficits in verbal learning and memory, motivated decision-making, planning and working memory in CUs. In this follow-up report, the longitudinal performance of users is compared to that of sustained non-users using the same battery. At follow-up, the majority of CUs continued to report regular and heavy cannabis use. Relative impairments in the domains of working memory, planning and verbal memory remained stable, suggesting that these are enduring vulnerabilities associated with continued CU during young adulthood. Improvements in motivated decision-making were evident in both groups. In addition, CUs demonstrated relatively better performance on short-duration speeded tasks. An earlier age of CU onset was associated with poorer verbal learning and memory and planning performance over time. Verbal learning and memory and planning processes, as well as their neural correlates, merit further scrutiny within etiological models of cannabis-induced cognitive impairments.
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