Investigating the risks of removing wild meat from global food systems.
Investigating the risks of removing wild meat from global food systems.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.cub.2021.01.079
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发表时间：
2021-04-26
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Williams DR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Booth H;Clark M;Milner-Gulland EJ;Amponsah-Mensah K;Antunes AP;Brittain S;Castilho LC;Campos-Silva JV;Constantino PAL;Li Y;Mandoloma L;Nneji LM;Iponga DM;Moyo B;McNamara J;Rakotonarivo OS;Shi J;Tagne CTK;van Velden J;Williams DR
2019冠状病毒病大流行使人类与自然的紧张关系成为焦点，呼吁停止野生肉类贸易和消费，以保护公众健康和生物多样性。然而，野生肉类对人类营养的重要性及其与其他食品生产系统的远程耦合意味着，从饮食和市场上完全消除野生肉类将对全球食品系统造成冲击。这种冲击的负面后果值得在应对COVID-19的政策中加以考虑。我们证明，政策导致的野生肉类突然从食品系统中消失可能对人类和自然产生负面影响。由于蛋白质和营养的减少，野生肉类从饮食中的损失可能导致粮食不安全，和/或推动土地使用的变化，以动物农业取代失去的营养，这可能增加生物多样性的损失和新出现的传染病风险。我们估计了83个国家的这些后果的严重程度，并定性地探讨了禁令如何在10个案例研究中发挥作用。研究结果表明，粮食不安全的发展中国家面临的风险最大，这些国家可行的、可持续的和社会可取的野生肉类替代品有限。一些发达国家也将面临冲击，虽然高能力的粮食系统更容易适应，但某些地方和人民将受到不成比例的影响。我们敦促决策者考虑COVID-19期间政策引发的冲击可能带来的意外后果;并采取全面的野生动物贸易干预措施，承认全球粮食系统和自然的相互关联性，并包括保护弱势群体。COVID-19大流行导致人们呼吁禁止食用野生肉类，以保护公众健康和生物多样性。然而，Booth et al.这表明，突然从食物系统中移除野生肉类可能会对人类和自然产生负面影响。野生动植物贸易政策干预措施需要考虑食物系统与自然之间的远程耦合。
The COVID-19 pandemic has brought humanity’s strained relationship with nature into sharp focus, with calls for cessation of wild meat trade and consumption, to protect public health and biodiversity. However, the importance of wild meat for human nutrition, and its tele-couplings to other food production systems, mean that the complete removal of wild meat from diets and markets would represent a shock to global food systems. The negative consequences of this shock deserve consideration in policy responses to COVID-19. We demonstrate that the sudden policy-induced loss of wild meat from food systems could have negative consequences for people and nature. Loss of wild meat from diets could lead to food insecurity, due to reduced protein and nutrition, and/or drive land-use change to replace lost nutrients with animal agriculture, which could increase biodiversity loss and emerging infectious disease risk. We estimate the magnitude of these consequences for 83 countries, and qualitatively explore how prohibitions might play out in 10 case study places. Results indicate that risks are greatest for food-insecure developing nations, where feasible, sustainable, and socially desirable wild meat alternatives are limited. Some developed nations would also face shocks, and while high-capacity food systems could more easily adapt, certain places and people would be disproportionately impacted. We urge decision-makers to consider potential unintended consequences of policy-induced shocks amidst COVID-19; and take holistic approach to wildlife trade interventions, which acknowledge the interconnectivity of global food systems and nature, and include safeguards for vulnerable people. The COVID-19 pandemic has led to calls to prohibit wild meat consumption, to protect public health and biodiversity. However, Booth et al. demonstrate that the sudden removal of wild meat from food systems could negatively impact people and nature. Wildlife trade policy interventions need to consider tele-couplings between food systems and nature.
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