Adolescents show differential dysfunctions related to Alcohol and Cannabis Use Disorder severity in emotion and executive attention neuro-circuitries.
Adolescents show differential dysfunctions related to Alcohol and Cannabis Use Disorder severity in emotion and executive attention neuro-circuitries.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.nicl.2018.06.005
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发表时间：
2018
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Blair RJR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Aloi J;Blair KS;Crum KI;Meffert H;White SF;Tyler PM;Thornton LC;Mobley AM;Killanin AD;Adams KO;Filbey F;Pope K;Blair RJR
酒精和大麻是美国青少年经常滥用的两种物质，当滥用时，与整个生命周期的负面医疗和精神后果有关。这些负面的精神结果可能反映了物质滥用对调节情绪处理和执行注意力的神经系统的有害影响。然而，表明这一点的工作主要是在动物模型或患有酒精和/或大麻使用障碍（AUD/CUD）的成年人中进行的。在青少年患者中开展的工作很少。在这项研究中，我们使用的情感Stroop任务，以探讨在82青少年之间的关系AUD和/或CUD症状的严重程度和功能完整性的神经系统介导的情绪处理和执行注意。我们发现AUD症状严重程度与杏仁核对情绪刺激的反应性呈正相关，与涉及执行注意和反应控制的区域内的反应性呈负相关（即，背外侧前额叶皮层，前扣带皮层，楔前叶）作为任务绩效的函数。与此相反，CUD症状的严重程度是无关的杏仁核的反应，但正相关的区域内，包括楔前叶，后扣带皮层，顶叶下小叶作为一个功能的任务表现的反应。这些数据表明酒精和大麻滥用对青少年大脑的不同影响。酒精和大麻是青少年滥用最广泛的物质。AUDIT分数与杏仁核对情绪刺激的过度活跃有关。AUDIT评分与执行注意神经回路的活动减退有关。CUDIT分数与执行注意神经回路中的过度活跃有关。
Alcohol and cannabis are two substances that are commonly abused by adolescents in the United States and which, when abused, are associated with negative medical and psychiatric outcomes across the lifespan. These negative psychiatric outcomes may reflect the detrimental impact of substance abuse on neural systems mediating emotion processing and executive attention. However, work indicative of this has mostly been conducted either in animal models or adults with Alcohol and/or Cannabis Use Disorder (AUD/CUD). Little work has been conducted in adolescent patients. In this study, we used the Affective Stroop task to examine the relationship in 82 adolescents between AUD and/or CUD symptom severity and the functional integrity of neural systems mediating emotional processing and executive attention. We found that AUD symptom severity was positively related to amygdala responsiveness to emotional stimuli and negatively related to responsiveness within regions implicated in executive attention and response control (i.e., dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate cortex, precuneus) as a function of task performance. In contrast, CUD symptom severity was unrelated to amygdala responsiveness but positively related to responsiveness within regions including precuneus, posterior cingulate cortex, and inferior parietal lobule as a function of task performance. These data suggest differential impacts of alcohol and cannabis abuse on the adolescent brain. Alcohol and cannabis are the most widely abused substances by adolescents. AUDIT scores are related to amygdala hyperactivity to emotional stimuli. AUDIT scores are related to hypoactivity in executive attention neuro-circuitry. CUDIT scores are related to hyperactivity in executive attention neuro-circuitry.
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影响因子：
6.9
作者：
Blair, K. S.;Vythilingam, M.;Crowe, S. L.;McCaffrey, D. E.;Ng, P.;Wu, C. C.;Scaramozza, M.;Mondillo, K.;Pine, D. S.;Charney, D. S.;Blair, R. J. R.
通讯作者：
Blair, R. J. R.
DOI：
10.3109/00952990.2015.1049701
发表时间：
2015
期刊：
The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse
影响因子：
--
作者：
DeWitt SJ;Ketcherside A;McQueeny TM;Dunlop JP;Filbey FM
通讯作者：
Filbey FM
影响因子：
2.8
作者：
Caldwell, LC;Schweinsburg, AD;Tapert, SF
通讯作者：
Tapert, SF
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Gilman, Jodi M.;Hommer, Daniel W.
通讯作者：
Hommer, Daniel W.
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Ahmadi, Aral;Pearlson, Godfrey D.;Stevens, Michael C.
通讯作者：
Stevens, Michael C.