A Disinhibitory Circuit for Contextual Modulation in Primary Visual Cortex.
A Disinhibitory Circuit for Contextual Modulation in Primary Visual Cortex.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.neuron.2020.11.013
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发表时间：
2020-12-23
期刊：
影响因子：
16.2
通讯作者：
Scanziani M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Keller AJ;Dipoppa M;Roth MM;Caudill MS;Ingrosso A;Miller KD;Scanziani M
情境通过影响刺激显著性来引导感知。因此，在视觉皮层中，对刺激的反应是由环境（围绕刺激的视觉场景）调节的。当刺激和环境相似时，反应被抑制，而当刺激和环境不同时则不被抑制。其潜在机制尚不清楚。在这里，我们使用光学记录、操作和计算模型来表明，由血管活性肠肽表达（VIP）和生长抑素表达（SOM）抑制神经元组成的去抑制回路主要通过调节反复兴奋来调节小鼠视觉皮层的反应，这取决于刺激和周围环境之间的相似性。当刺激和周围环境相似时，VIP神经元不活跃，SOM神经元的活动导致兴奋性神经元的抑制。然而，当刺激和周围环境不同时，VIP神经元活跃，抑制SOM神经元，导致兴奋性神经元的抑制得到缓解。我们已经确定了一个典型的皮层去抑制回路，它有助于上下文调制，并可能调节知觉显著性。情境通过影响感知提供意义。在视觉世界中，语境是围绕一个视觉场景的视觉环境。在这里，Keller等人报告说，一个典型的去抑制回路控制着小鼠视觉皮层对视觉刺激的反应，这取决于该刺激所处的环境。
Context guides perception by influencing stimulus saliency. Accordingly, in visual cortex, responses to a stimulus are modulated by context, the visual scene surrounding the stimulus. Responses are suppressed when stimulus and surround are similar but not when they differ. The underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Here we use optical recordings, manipulations, and computational modelling to show that disinhibitory circuits consisting of vasoactive intestinal peptide expressing (VIP) and somatostatin expressing (SOM) inhibitory neurons modulate responses in mouse visual cortex depending on similarity between stimulus and surround, primarily by modulating recurrent excitation. When stimulus and surround are similar, VIP neurons are inactive and activity of SOM neurons leads to suppression of excitatory neurons. However, when stimulus and surround differ, VIP neurons are active, inhibiting SOM neurons, which leads to relief of excitatory neurons from suppression. We have identified a canonical cortical disinhibitory circuit which contributes to contextual modulation and may regulate perceptual saliency. Context provides meaning by influencing perception. In the visual world, context is the visual environment surrounding a visual scene. Here, Keller et al. report that a canonical disinhibitory circuit controls the response of mouse visual cortex to a visual stimulus depending on the context within which that stimulus is presented.
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16.2
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