Genetic and antigenic characterization of serotype O FMD viruses from East Africa for the selection of suitable vaccine strain.
Genetic and antigenic characterization of serotype O FMD viruses from East Africa for the selection of suitable vaccine strain.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.vaccine.2017.10.040
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发表时间：
2017-12-14
期刊：
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Parida S
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lloyd-Jones K;Mahapatra M;Upadhyaya S;Paton DJ;Babu A;Hutchings G;Parida S
口蹄疫（FMD）是东非的地方病，该地区有多种血清型的病毒传播。大多数疫情是由 O 血清型引起的，其次是 A 血清型。非洲缺乏协调一致的口蹄疫控制计划，这使得疫苗生产商几乎没有动力去选择针对流行的区域分离株的疫苗，从而产生进一步的负面反馈，从而阻止基于疫苗的控制计划的引入。在这项研究中，通过使用针对三种现有疫苗株（O/KEN/77/78、O/Manisa 和 O/PanAsia-2）和三种推定疫苗株（O/EA/2002、O/EA/2009 和 O/EA/2010）的牛抗血清进行病毒中和试验，对 1993 年至 2012 年从东非和北非分离出的总共 80 种 O 血清型口蹄疫病毒 (FMDV) 进行了特征分析。衣壳测序。从基因上讲，这些病毒被分为东非起源并细分为四种拓扑型（EA-1、2、3和4）或中东南亚（ME-SA）拓扑型。 ME-SA拓扑型病毒主要在埃及和利比亚发现，反映了与中东国家的贸易联系。疫苗株与大多数分析的现场分离株之间存在良好的血清学交叉反应性，表明疫苗选择不应成为通过疫苗接种控制 O 血清型口蹄疫的主要限制，并且可以使用本地和国际上可用的商业疫苗。该地区常用的 O/KEN/77/78 疫苗与该地区流行的主要拓扑型（EA-2 和 EA-3）的体外匹配率相对较低，而 O/PanAsia-2 和 O/Manisa 疫苗则对东非 O 血清型病毒具有更广泛的保护作用，尽管它们在遗传上属于 ME-SA 拓扑型。
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is endemic in Eastern Africa with circulation of multiple serotypes of the virus in the region. Most of the outbreaks are caused by serotype O followed by serotype A. The lack of concerted FMD control programmes in Africa has provided little incentive for vaccine producers to select vaccines that are tailored to circulating regional isolates creating further negative feedback to deter the introduction of vaccine-based control schemes. In this study a total of 80 serotype O FMD viruses (FMDV) isolated from 1993 to 2012 from East and North Africa were characterized by virus neutralisation tests using bovine antisera to three existing (O/KEN/77/78, O/Manisa and O/PanAsia-2) and three putative (O/EA/2002, O/EA/2009 and O/EA/2010) vaccine strains and by capsid sequencing. Genetically, these viruses were grouped as either of East African origin with subdivision into four topotypes (EA-1, 2, 3 and 4) or of Middle-East South Asian (ME-SA) topotype. The ME-SA topotype viruses were mainly detected in Egypt and Libya reflecting the trade links with the Middle East countries. There was good serological cross-reactivity between the vaccine strains and most of the field isolates analysed, indicating that vaccine selection should not be a major constraint for control of serotype O FMD by vaccination, and that both local and internationally available commercial vaccines could be used. The O/KEN/77/78 vaccine, commonly used in the region, exhibited comparatively lower percent in vitro match against the predominant topotypes (EA-2 and EA-3) circulating in the region whereas O/PanAsia-2 and O/Manisa vaccines revealed broader protection against East African serotype O viruses, even though they genetically belong to the ME-SA topotype.
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