Endocrine-disrupting effects of cattle feedlot effluent on an aquatic sentinel species, the fathead minnow.
Endocrine-disrupting effects of cattle feedlot effluent on an aquatic sentinel species, the fathead minnow.
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DOI：
10.1289/ehp.6591
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发表时间：
2004-03
影响因子：
10.4
通讯作者：
Guillette LJ Jr
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Orlando EF;Kolok AS;Binzcik GA;Gates JL;Horton MK;Lambright CS;Gray LE Jr;Soto AM;Guillette LJ Jr
在过去的十年中，研究已经检查了各种环境污染物的内分泌干扰作用，包括激素，药物和表面活性剂，污水处理厂的污水。针对集中式动物饲养业务（CAFO）的增长及其废水中存在的污染物（例如，营养素，药物和激素），美国环境保护署制定了一项新的规则，加强了对CAFO的监管。在这项研究中，我们收集了野生黑头呆鱼（黑头呆鱼）暴露于饲养场污水（FLE），并观察其生殖生物学的显着变化。雄鱼被去雄性化（具有较低的睾丸睾酮合成、改变的头部形态和较小的睾丸尺寸）。还记录了女性的去女性化，如体外类固醇激素合成的雌激素：雄激素比例降低所证明的。我们没有观察到的特征，无论是男性或女性的鱼暴露于环境雌激素的指示。使用人类雄激素受体转染的细胞，我们检测到有力的雄激素反应从FLE。综上所述，我们的形态学、内分泌学和体外基因激活试验数据表明两种假设：a）FLE中存在有效的雄激素物质，和/或B）存在雄激素和雌激素物质的复杂混合物，其改变下丘脑-垂体-性腺轴，抑制促性腺激素释放激素或促性腺激素的释放。这是第一项研究表明，野生鱼类的内分泌和生殖系统可能受到FLE的不利影响。未来的研究需要进一步调查农业径流的影响，并确定生物活性剂，无论是天然的还是药物来源。
Over the last decade, research has examined the endocrine-disrupting action of various environmental pollutants, including hormones, pharmaceuticals, and surfactants, in sewage treatment plant effluent. Responding to the growth of concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs) and the pollutants present in their wastewater (e.g., nutrients, pharmaceuticals, and hormones), the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency developed a new rule that tightens the regulation of CAFOs. In this study, we collected wild fathead minnows (Pimephales promelas) exposed to feedlot effluent (FLE) and observed significant alterations in their reproductive biology. Male fish were demasculinized (having lower testicular testosterone synthesis, altered head morphometrics, and smaller testis size). Defeminization of females, as evidenced by a decreased estrogen:androgen ratio of in vitro steroid hormone synthesis, was also documented. We did not observe characteristics in either male or female fish indicative of exposure to environmental estrogens. Using cells transfected with the human androgen receptor, we detected potent androgenic responses from the FLE. Taken together, our morphologic, endocrinologic, and in vitro gene activation assay data suggest two hypotheses: a) there are potent androgenic substance(s) in the FLE, and/or b) there is a complex mixture of androgenic and estrogenic substances that alter the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, inhibiting the release of gonadotropin-releasing hormone or gonadotropins. This is the first study demonstrating that the endocrine and reproductive systems of wild fish can be adversely affected by FLE. Future studies are needed to further investigate the effects of agricultural runoff and to identify the biologically active agents, whether natural or pharmaceutical in origin.
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