Plasticity of the paternal brain: Effects of fatherhood on neural structure and function.
Plasticity of the paternal brain: Effects of fatherhood on neural structure and function.
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DOI：
10.1002/dev.22097
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发表时间：
2021-07
影响因子：
2.2
通讯作者：
Saltzman W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Horrell ND;Acosta MC;Saltzman W
照顾婴儿是哺乳动物的标志。虽然在几乎所有的哺乳动物中，母亲的父母照顾是后代生存的义务，但估计只有5%-10%的哺乳动物的父亲照顾他们的后代。在这些物种中，转变为父亲的过程通常伴随着雄性对幼崽的行为反应的显著变化，包括对婴儿的攻击性减少和后天行为的增加。为人父的开始也可能与感觉、情感和认知的变化有关。调节这些变化的神经可塑性还不是很清楚；然而，父亲可以改变新神经元的产生和存活；现有神经元的功能和结构；大脑结构的形态；以及神经内分泌信号系统。尽管这些变化被认为有助于父亲照顾婴儿，但支持这一假设的证据很少；在大多数情况下，父亲神经可塑性的潜在机制及其功能意义都不为人所知。在这篇文章中，我们回顾了在转变为父亲的过程中发生的神经可塑性的现有数据。我们强调了我们在知识和未来方向上的差距，这些差距将为为人父如何以及为什么改变男性大脑的结构和功能提供关键见解。
Care of infants is a hallmark of mammals. Whereas parental care by mothers is obligatory for offspring survival in virtually all mammals, fathers provide care for their offspring in only an estimated 5-10% of genera. In these species, the transition into fatherhood is often accompanied by pronounced changes in males’ behavioral responses to young, including a reduction in aggression toward infants and an increase in nurturant behavior. The onset of fatherhood can also be associated with sensory, affective, and cognitive changes. The neuroplasticity that mediates these changes is not well understood; however, fatherhood can alter production and survival of new neurons; function and structure of existing neurons; morphology of brain structures; and neuroendocrine signaling systems. Although these changes are thought to promote infant care by fathers, very little evidence exists to support this hypothesis; in most cases, neither the mechanisms underlying neuroplasticity in fathers nor its functional significance are known. In this paper we review the available data on the neuroplasticity that occurs during the transition into fatherhood. We highlight gaps in our knowledge and future directions that will provide key insights into how and why fatherhood alters the structure and functioning of the male brain.
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