The Genetic Programs Specifying Kolmer-Agduhr Interneurons.

The Genetic Programs Specifying Kolmer-Agduhr Interneurons.
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DOI:
10.3389/fnins.2020.577879
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
4.3
通讯作者:
Strähle U
Strähle U
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Yang L;Wang F;Strähle U

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Kolmer-Agduhr (KA) 细胞是中间神经元的一个亚群,位于神经腔附近,顶端表面有纤毛,伸入脊髓中央管。尽管 KA 细胞在近一个世纪前就被发现了,但它们的发育和功能才刚刚开始被揭示。最近的研究更详细地揭示了斑马鱼和小鼠中 KA 细胞的特征,包括它们的空间分布、分化时间以及通过外在信号传导和转录因子的独特组合进行的规范。细胞谱系追踪实验表明,在斑马鱼和小鼠中,两个 KA 细胞亚群(称为 KA’ 和 KA” 细胞)分别从运动神经元祖细胞和底板前体细胞分化而来。尽管 KA’ 和 KA” 细胞源自不同的祖细胞/前体,但它们各自共享一组共同的转录因子。有趣的是,促进获得 KA’ 细胞特征的转录因子组合与促进 KA” 细胞身份的转录因子组合不同。此外,KA’ 和 KA” 细胞表现出可分离的神经元靶点和对脊髓弯曲的不同反应。在这篇综述中,我们总结了目前已知的关于定义 KA' 和 KA” 细胞身份的遗传程序的信息。然后我们讨论了这两个 KA 细胞亚群是如何在遗传上被指定的。
Kolmer–Agduhr (KA) cells are a subgroup of interneurons positioned adjacent to the neurocoele with cilia on the apical surface protruding into the central canal of the spinal cord. Although KA cells were identified almost a century ago, their development and functions are only beginning to be unfolded. Recent studies have revealed the characteristics of KA cells in greater detail, including their spatial distribution, the timing of their differentiation, and their specification via extrinsic signaling and a unique combination of transcription factors in zebrafish and mouse. Cell lineage-tracing experiments have demonstrated that two subsets of KA cells, named KA’ and KA” cells, differentiate from motoneuronal progenitors and floor-plate precursors, respectively, in both zebrafish and mouse. Although KA’ and KA” cells originate from different progenitors/precursors, they each share a common set of transcription factors. Intriguingly, the combination of transcription factors that promote the acquisition of KA’ cell characteristics differs from those that promote a KA” cell identity. In addition, KA’ and KA” cells exhibit separable neuronal targets and differential responses to bending of the spinal cord. In this review, we summarize what is currently known about the genetic programs defining the identities of KA’ and KA” cell identities. We then discuss how these two subgroups of KA cells are genetically specified.
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