Urinary biomarkers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in pre- and peri-pubertal girls in Northern California: Predictors of exposure and temporal variability.
Urinary biomarkers of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in pre- and peri-pubertal girls in Northern California: Predictors of exposure and temporal variability.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.envres.2017.11.011
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发表时间：
2018-08
影响因子：
8.3
通讯作者：
Windham GC
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dobraca D;Lum R;Sjödin A;Calafat AM;Laurent CA;Kushi LH;Windham GC
多环芳烃(PAHs)是一类燃烧副产物，与内分泌紊乱有关。为了了解儿童的暴露情况，他们的研究比成年人少，我们在北加州青春期前和青春期前女孩的队列研究中，根据人口统计特征、潜在的暴露来源和随时间的变异性来检查多环芳烃代谢物浓度。对431名6-8岁女孩的尿中10种多环芳烃代谢物和可替宁的浓度进行了量化。从父母访谈、体检和相关交通数据中获得的特征被检验为多环芳烃代谢物浓度的预测因子，使用多变量线性回归。一组女孩(n=100)在研究的第二年和第四年重复测量了多环芳烃的代谢物。我们计算了组内相关系数(ICC)，Spearman相关系数，以及通过一次测量得出的四分位数排名代表四年平均多环芳烃生物标志物浓度的程度。95%的女孩在≥中检测到8种多环芳烃代谢产物。预测多环芳烃生物标志物浓度的最一致的因素是可替宁浓度、烧烤食品消费和居住地区，但人口统计数据和季节有一定的差异。调整后，西班牙裔和亚裔女孩的选定多环芳烃代谢物浓度较高，黑人女孩较低；来自低收入家庭的女孩的2-萘酚浓度较高。除1-萘酚外，随着时间的推移有适度的重现性(ICCs在0.18至0.49之间)，并且来自单个斑点样本的浓度能够可靠地将暴露分级为四分位数，与多年平均水平一致。这些结果证实饮食和环境烟草烟雾暴露是多环芳烃的主要来源。根据对这些来源的控制，特定多环芳烃代谢物的种族和2-萘酚的收入仍然存在浓度差异。适度的时间变异性意味着使用单个样本的浓度来确定流行病学暴露反应研究的多年暴露时间框架，从而进行适当的暴露分配。
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), a class of chemicals produced as combustion by-products, have been associated with endocrine disruption. To understand exposure in children, who have been less studied than adults, we examined PAH metabolite concentrations by demographic characteristics, potential sources of exposure, and variability over time, in a cohort study of pre- and peri-pubertal girls in Northern California. Urinary concentrations of ten PAH metabolites and cotinine were quantified in 431 girls age 6–8 years at baseline. Characteristics obtained from parental interview, physical exam, and linked traffic data were examined as predictors of PAH metabolite concentrations using multivariable linear regression. A subset of girls (n = 100) had repeat measures of PAH metabolites in the second and fourth years of the study. We calculated the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Spearman correlation coefficients, and how well the quartile ranking by a single measurement represented the four-year average PAH biomarker concentration. Eight PAH metabolites were detected in ≥ 95% of the girls. The most consistent predictors of PAH biomarker concentrations were cotinine concentration, grilled food consumption, and region of residence, with some variation by demographics and season. After adjustment, select PAH metabolite concentrations were higher for Hispanic and Asian girls, and lower among black girls; 2-naphthol concentrations were higher in girls from lower income households. Other than 1-naphthol, there was modest reproducibility over time (ICCs between 0.18 and 0.49) and the concentration from a single spot sample was able to reliably rank exposure into quartiles consistent with the multi-year average. These results confirm diet and environmental tobacco smoke exposure as the main sources of PAHs. Controlling for these sources, differences in concentrations still existed by race for specific PAH metabolites and by income for 2-naphthol. The modest temporal variability implies adequate exposure assignment using concentrations from a single sample to define a multi-year exposure timeframe for epidemiologic exposure-response studies.
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影响因子：
8.3
作者：
Jung KH;Liu B;Lovinsky-Desir S;Yan B;Camann D;Sjodin A;Li Z;Perera F;Kinney P;Chillrud S;Miller RL
通讯作者：
Miller RL
影响因子：
8
作者：
Biro FM;Galvez MP;Greenspan LC;Succop PA;Vangeepuram N;Pinney SM;Teitelbaum S;Windham GC;Kushi LH;Wolff MS
通讯作者：
Wolff MS
影响因子：
11.8
作者：
Aquilina, Noel J.;Delgado-Saborit, Juana Mari;Meddings, Claire;Baker, Stephen;Harrison, Roy M.;Jacob, Peyton, III;Wilson, Margaret;Yu, Lisa;Duan, Minjiang;Benowitz, Neal L.
通讯作者：
Benowitz, Neal L.
DOI：
10.1007/s004200100239
发表时间：
2001-08-01
影响因子：
3
作者：
Fiala, Z;Vyskocil, A;Emminger, S
通讯作者：
Emminger, S
影响因子：
10.4
作者：
Hiatt RA;Haslam SZ;Osuch J;Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Centers
通讯作者：
Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Centers