Characterization of T-cell subsets in response to foot-and-mouth disease bivalent inactivated vaccine in Chinese Holstein cows.
Characterization of T-cell subsets in response to foot-and-mouth disease bivalent inactivated vaccine in Chinese Holstein cows.
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DOI：
10.1128/spectrum.01029-23
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发表时间：
2023-12-12
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Yang, Yi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhang, Zhipeng;Wang, Dasheng;Yao, Yiyang;Yang, Jiayu;Yang, Zhangping;Yang, Yi
传统的疫苗功效评估主要依赖于抗体水平，而t细胞反应的评估仍未得到充分探索。在这项研究中，我们采用多参数流式细胞术综合分析了接种口蹄疫（FMD）疫苗的奶牛的t细胞反应。我们根据抗体水平将奶牛分为高疫苗效力组和低疫苗效力组，并研究了这些组之间t细胞反应的差异。表型分析显示，接种口蹄疫疫苗后，外周血CD4、CD8和γδ T细胞显著减少，同时CD44表达改变。有趣的是，口蹄疫疫苗接种诱导奶牛外周血中CD4+CD8+双阳性（DP） T细胞的百分比显着增加。值得注意的是，疫苗效力高的奶牛在接种后CD4+CD8+ DP T细胞的比例显著高于疫苗效力低的奶牛，这表明它们可能通过调节b细胞抗体分泌参与口蹄疫疫苗诱导的免疫保护。此外，口蹄疫疫苗接种导致中枢记忆CD4和CD8 T细胞的产生，而不是γδ T细胞。我们的突破性发现揭示了CD4+CD8+ DP T细胞在口蹄疫疫苗诱导的免疫保护中的潜在功能，并建立了一种基于T细胞应答评价口蹄疫疫苗疗效的新方法。疫苗接种在口蹄疫的预防和控制中起着至关重要的作用；然而，疫情在世界范围内持续发生。评估对口蹄疫疫苗的免疫反应对于有效预防口蹄疫至关重要。本研究采用七色流式细胞术系统评价中国荷斯坦奶牛接种口蹄疫二价灭活疫苗后的t细胞应答。我们的研究结果显示，虽然大多数T细胞亚群（%）在接种疫苗后减少，但CD4+CD8+ DP T细胞显著增加，这与特异性口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）抗体的水平一致。这些发现表明，CD4+CD8+ DP T细胞可以作为评估FMDV疫苗接种的细胞和体液反应的潜在生物标志物。此外，我们应该意识到在口蹄疫疫苗接种期间牛的细胞免疫力可能下降，因为这可能会增加其他病原体相关问题的风险。
Traditional vaccine efficacy evaluation predominantly relies on antibody levels, while the assessment of T-cell responses remains underexplored. In this study, we employed multi-parameter flow cytometry to comprehensively analyze T-cell responses in cows vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease (FMD). We categorized the cows into high and low vaccine potency groups based on antibody levels and investigated differences in T-cell responses between these groups. Phenotypic analysis revealed a significant reduction in CD4, CD8, and γδ T cells in peripheral blood following FMD vaccine inoculation, concomitant with altered CD44 expression. Intriguingly, FMD vaccination induced a marked increase in the percentage of CD4+CD8+ double-positive (DP) T cells in cow peripheral blood. Notably, cows with high vaccine potency exhibited a significantly higher proportion of CD4+CD8+ DP T cells compared to those with low potency post-vaccination, suggesting their potential involvement in FMD vaccine-induced immune protection, possibly through the regulation of B-cell antibody secretion. Additionally, FMD vaccination led to the generation of central memory CD4 and CD8 T cells but not γδ T cells. Our groundbreaking findings shed light on the latent function of CD4+CD8+ DP T cells in FMD vaccine-induced immune protection and established a novel method for evaluating FMD vaccine efficacy based on T-cell responses. Vaccination plays a crucial role in the prevention and control of FMD; however, outbreaks persist occurring worldwide. Assessing the immune response to FMD vaccines is essential for effective prevention of FMD. In this study, a seven-color flow cytometry protocol was developed to systematically evaluate the T-cell response of Chinese Holstein cows vaccinated with FMD bivalent inactivated vaccine. Our findings showed that while most T-cell subsets (%) decreased post-vaccination, a significant increase was observed in CD4+CD8+ DP T cells, which was consistent with the levels of specific foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) antibodies. These findings suggested that CD4+CD8+ DP T cells could serve as a potential biomarker for the evaluation of cellular and humoral responses to FMDV vaccination. Additionally, we should be aware of the potential decline in cellular immunity among cattle during FMD vaccination, as this may increase the risk of other pathogen-related issues.
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