Large discrepancy between the two-way rNHT distances in hemagglutinin-inhibition assay
Large discrepancy between the two-way rNHT distances in hemagglutinin-inhibition assay
复制标题
血凝素抑制测定中双向 rNHT 距离差异较大
DOI：
10.1007/s12250-016-3802-9
复制
发表时间：
2016-08
影响因子：
5.5
通讯作者：
Jiang Taijiao
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Peng Yousong;Wang Dayan;Shu Yuelong;Jiang Taijiao
在这里，通过收集大量季节性流感病毒的HI数据，即流感A（H1N1），A（H3N2）和B病毒（补充材料），我们系统地分析了成对的双向RNHT RNHT距离之间的关系
The influenza viruses cause continual epidemics in human society. As is reported by the World Health Organization (WHO), each year the seasonal influenza viruses, ie, human influenza A (H1N1), A (H3N2) and B viruses, infected 5%~ 15% of the world’s population, leading to about 3 to 5 million cases of severe illness and about 250000 to 500000 deaths worldwide (WHO, 2014). Vaccination is currently the most effective way to fight against it. Due to the frequent mutations on the HA protein, the virus often changes its antigen, which may lead to the ineffectiveness of the influenza vaccines (Carrat and Flahault, 2007; Taubenberger and Kash, 2010). Understanding the antigenic changes of the virus is helpful in developing vaccines against the influenza virus. Currently, the hemagglutinin-inhibition (HI) assay is most widely used in determining the antigenic characteristics of influenza virus (Hirst, 1941; Ndifon et al., 2009; Ndifon, 2011). In each HI assay, a HI table is generated, each entry Hij of which represents the HI titer of strain i relative to antisera raised against strain j (Figure 1A). The standard measure of the antigenic difference between virus strains i and j is the reciprocal of the normalized HI titer of i relative to antisera raised against j: rNHTij= Hjj/Hij, or vice versa, rNHTji (Ndifon et al., 2009). Usually, only one-way rNHT distance (either rNHTij or rNHTji) is used in determining the antigenic variant in influenza surveillance. Few studies have investigated the relationship between the pairwise two-way rNHT distances (Ndifon et al., 2009), ie, the rNHTij and rNHTji distance. Here, by collecting large amounts of HI data of seasonal influenza virus, ie, influenza A (H1N1), A (H3N2) and B virus (Supplementary Materials), we systematically analyzed the relationship between the pairwise two-way rNHT distances for influenza viruses. Although there are median correlations between the pairwise two-way rNHT distances for all three (sub) types (with Pearson Correlation Coefficient (PCC) ranging from 0.61 to 0.68, Supplementary Figure S1), surprisingly, large discrepancies were observed between the pairwise two-way rNHT distances, as is shown in Figure 1B. The median differences between the pairwise twoway rNHT distances all equal to 4, while the mean differences range from 11 to 12 for all three (sub) types. Generally, a strain is said to be antigenically drifted relative to another strain if the rNHT distance is greater than or equal to 4 (WHO, 2002; Ndifon et al., 2009). We found that among a total of 456, 1286 and 753 pairs of two-way rNHT distances for A (H1N1), A (H3N2) and B virus, 72%, 59% and 70% of these pairs agree with each other for the three (sub) types respectively. For the other pairs of two-way rNHT distances, one rNHT distance is greater than or equal to 4, but the other rNHT distance is less than 4, or vice versa. In some cases, the larger rNHT distance is much larger than the smaller one (Figure 1B and Supplementary Figure S1). This suggests that one should be cautious to determine the antigenic variant based on one-way rNHT distance only, which was usually done in routine influenza surveillance. We next attempted to investigate the factors behind the difference of the pairwise two-way rNHT distances. The fold difference in rate of homogenous titers (the HI titer of a strain relative to the antisera raised against itself) for virus strains i and j was found to correlate most strongly with the differences between the pairwise twoway rNHT distances in all three subtypes (Figure 1C). To some extent, the homogenous titer for a strain reflects its ability of binding to the red blood cells, which was reported to significantly influence the titers of the virus in …
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DOI：
--
发表时间：
2002
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
Uenza Manu
通讯作者：
Uenza Manu
在OVO中与异源免疫血清不完全中和后，流感病毒的持续性抗原变异。
影响因子：
15.3
作者：
ARCHETTI, I;HORSFALL, F L Jr
通讯作者：
HORSFALL, F L Jr
DOI：
--
发表时间：
--
期刊：
--
影响因子：
--
作者：
J. Barnett;Jialiang Yang;Zhipeng Cai;Tong Zhang;X. Wan
通讯作者：
J. Barnett;Jialiang Yang;Zhipeng Cai;Tong Zhang;X. Wan
影响因子：
30.3
作者：
Taubenberger JK;Kash JC
通讯作者：
Kash JC
影响因子：
56.9
作者：
Hirst, GK
通讯作者：
Hirst, GK