Does adolescent risk taking imply weak executive function? A prospective study of relations between working memory performance, impulsivity, and risk taking in early adolescence.
Does adolescent risk taking imply weak executive function? A prospective study of relations between working memory performance, impulsivity, and risk taking in early adolescence.
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青少年的冒险行为是否意味着执行功能较弱？关于青春期早期工作记忆表现、冲动性和冒险行为之间关系的前瞻性研究。
DOI：
10.1111/j.1467-7687.2011.01061.x
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发表时间：
2011-09
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Hurt H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Romer D;Betancourt LM;Brodsky NL;Giannetta JM;Yang W;Hurt H
对大脑发育的研究表明，在青春期观察到的冒险行为的增加可能是由于前额叶执行功能不足，而皮层下动机系统发展得更快。我们在三次年度评估中检查了社区青年样本（n = 387，基线年龄为10至12岁）的工作记忆能力评估的执行功能，以确定其与两种形式的冲动性（感觉寻求和不假思索的行为）以及广泛的风险和外化行为的关系。使用结构方程模型，我们测试了一个模型，在该模型中，背侧和腹侧纹状体的差异激活产生这些大脑区域功能的不平衡。对于寻求感觉的年轻人来说，这两个区域预计会随着年龄的增长而发展。然而，对于倾向于不假思索地行动的年轻人来说，腹侧纹状体预计将占主导地位。该模型预测，工作记忆能力将表现出（1）在年轻人中表现出早期的弱点，而在那些高度寻求感觉的人中表现出增长的力量。此外，它预测（3）不加思考的行动与风险和外化行为的关系比感觉寻求更密切。最后，它预测（4）控制不思考的行为，感觉寻求将预测以后风险和外化行为的增加。这四个预测都得到了证实。结果表明，在青春期发生的感觉寻求的上升并不伴随着执行功能的赤字，因此需要不同的干预策略，从那些年轻人的冲动性的特点是早期的迹象，没有思考的行为。
Studies of brain development suggest that the increase in risk taking observed during adolescence may be due to insufficient prefrontal executive function compared to a more rapidly developing subcortical motivation system. We examined executive function as assessed by working memory ability in a community sample of youth (n = 387, ages 10 to 12 at baseline) in three annual assessments to determine its relation to two forms of impulsivity (sensation seeking and acting without thinking) and a wide range of risk and externalizing behavior. Using structural equation modeling, we tested a model in which differential activation of the dorsal and ventral striatum produces imbalance in the function of these brain regions. For youth high in sensation seeking, both regions were predicted to develop with age. However, for youth high in the tendency to act without thinking, the ventral striatum was expected to dominate. The model predicted that working memory ability would exhibit (1) early weakness in youth high in acting without thinking but (2) growing strength in those high in sensation seeking. In addition, it predicted that (3) acting without thinking would be more strongly related to risk and externalizing behavior than sensation seeking. Finally, it predicted that (4) controlling for acting without thinking, sensation seeking would predict later increases in risky and externalizing behavior. All four of these predictions were confirmed. The results indicate that the rise in sensation seeking that occurs during adolescence is not accompanied by a deficit in executive function and therefore requires different intervention strategies from those for youth whose impulsivity is characterized by early signs of acting without thinking.
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影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Berns GS;Moore S;Capra CM
通讯作者：
Capra CM
影响因子：
2
作者：
Acton, GS
通讯作者：
Acton, GS
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Elliott, R;Sahakian, BJ;Robbins, TW
通讯作者：
Robbins, TW
影响因子：
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作者：
CASEY, BJ;COHEN, JD;RAPOPORT, JL
通讯作者：
RAPOPORT, JL
影响因子：
5.3
作者：
Cools, Roshan;Gibbs, Sasha E.;D'Esposito, Mark
通讯作者：
D'Esposito, Mark