Emotion and relative reward processing: an investigation on instrumental successive negative contrast and ultrasonic vocalizations in the rat.
Emotion and relative reward processing: an investigation on instrumental successive negative contrast and ultrasonic vocalizations in the rat.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.beproc.2014.07.011
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发表时间：
2014-09
影响因子：
1.3
通讯作者：
Cromwell, H. C.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Binkley, K. A.;Webber, E. S.;Powers, D. D.;Cromwell, H. C.
激励对比效应包括奖励上升（积极对比）或下降（消极对比）后行为反应的变化。对这些行为变化的影响是在经历或预期奖励结果变化后的情绪状态反应。大鼠的超声波发声已被证明是行为和预期期间情绪状态的指标。本研究的目的是利用一种称为仪器连续负对比的经典跑道程序监测激励对比期间的啮齿动物超声波。这个程序经常被用来检验激励相关性，因为它在测量负对比效应方面是可靠的。训练大鼠在小巷中奔跑，以获得高剂量（12粒）或低剂量（1粒）的结果。然后将高震级转移到低震级，并在小巷中运行速度进行奖励和USV排放的比较。重复先前的工作，观察到负对比效应，移位组的移位后跑步速度明显低于未移位组。usv没有遵循相同的模式，在奖励下降后各组之间明显缺乏显著差异。在同样的跑道测试中，我们还用视觉预测线索测试了另一组动物。当视觉线索预测高或低量级的结果时，在结果降档后的跑步速度上没有发现激励对比，但在USV发射上观察到微弱的对比效应。这些结果表明，usv和激励对比的行为指标之间存在分离，这表明负面情绪的伴随变化可能不是预期相对奖励过程所必需的。
Incentive contrast effects include changes in behavioral responses after a reward upshift (positive contrast) or downshift (negative contrast). Proposed influences on these behavioral changes are emotional state reactions after experiencing or anticipating a change in reward outcome. Rat ultrasonic vocalizations have been shown to be indicators of emotional state during behavior and anticipatory periods. The objective of the present study was to monitor rodent ultrasounds during incentive contrast using a classical runway procedure called instrumental successive negative contrast. The procedure is one that has been used often to examine incentive relativity because of its reliability in measuring negative contrast effects. Rats were trained to run in the alleyway to receive a high (12 pellets) or low magnitude (1 pellet) outcome. The high magnitude was then shifted to the low and running speeds in the alleyway for the reward and USV emission were compared. Replicating previous work, a negative contrast effect was observed with postshift running speeds significantly slower in the shifted group compared to the unshifted group. USVs did not follow the same pattern with an apparent lack of significant differences between the groups following the reward downshift. We also tested another group of animals using a visual predictive cue in the same runway test. When visual cues predicted high or low magnitude outcome, no incentive contrast was found for the running speeds following an outcome downshift, but a weak contrast effect was observed for the USV emission. These results demonstrate a separation between USVs and behavioral indicators of incentive contrast suggesting that concomitant shifts in negative affect may not be necessary for anticipatory relative reward processes.
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影响因子：
2.7
作者：
DiFeliceantonio, Alexandra G.;Berridge, Kent C.
通讯作者：
Berridge, Kent C.
影响因子：
1.9
作者：
BERRIDGE, KC;CROMWELL, HC
通讯作者：
CROMWELL, HC
反复暴露的条件和无条件的大鼠50-kHz超声发声的个体差异。
影响因子：
3.4
作者：
Ahrens, Allison M.;Nobile, Cameron W.;Page, Lindsay E.;Maier, Esther Y.;Duvauchelle, Christine L.;Schallert, Timothy
通讯作者：
Schallert, Timothy
DOI：
10.1016/s0163-1047(89)90782-6
发表时间：
1989-03-01
期刊：
BEHAVIORAL AND NEURAL BIOLOGY
影响因子：
--
作者：
FLAHERTY, CF;ROWAN, GA
通讯作者：
ROWAN, GA
影响因子：
2.6
作者：
AMSEL, A
通讯作者：
AMSEL, A