Genome-wide comparison of cowpox viruses reveals a new clade related to Variola virus.
Genome-wide comparison of cowpox viruses reveals a new clade related to Variola virus.
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0079953
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发表时间：
2013
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Nitsche A
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dabrowski PW;Radonić A;Kurth A;Nitsche A
由猴痘病毒、牛痘病毒等正痘病毒引起的人畜共患传染病严重影响人类健康。在欧洲，牛痘病毒（CPXV）的确诊感染数量在动物和人类中都在增加。CPXV曾经在牛中流行;然而，在过去的几十年里，这种感染没有被诊断出来。相反，在猫或外来动物园动物中发现了牛痘的个别病例，这些动物将感染传播给人类。动物和人类都在胳膊、腿或脸上显示出局部的外展。虽然牛痘通常被认为是一种自限性疾病，但免疫抑制的患者可以发展成一种类似天花的致命性全身性疾病。到目前为止，只有有限的信息复杂，相比其他OPV，稀疏保守的CPXV基因组。由于CPXV显示所有OPV已知的最广泛的宿主范围，因此理解CPXV的遗传库似乎很重要，这反过来可能有助于阐明CPXV发病机制和起源的特定机制。因此，通过使用大规模平行焦磷酸测序，对来自临床病例的22个独立CPXV菌株的基因组进行测序，涉及10个人、4只大鼠、2只猫、2只美洲虎、1只海狸、1只大象、1只马拉和1只猫鼬。广泛的系统发育分析表明，CPXV株序列清楚地聚类成几个不同的分支，其中一些是密切相关的牛痘病毒，而其他代表不同的分支在CPXV集群。特别地，一个CPXV进化枝与骆驼痘病毒、塔特拉痘病毒和天花病毒的关系比与任何其他已知的OPV的关系更密切。这些结果支持和扩展最近的数据，从其他团体谁假设，CPXV不形成一个单系分支，应分为多个谱系。
Zoonotic infections caused by several orthopoxviruses (OPV) like monkeypox virus or vaccinia virus have a significant impact on human health. In Europe, the number of diagnosed infections with cowpox viruses (CPXV) is increasing in animals as well as in humans. CPXV used to be enzootic in cattle; however, such infections were not being diagnosed over the last decades. Instead, individual cases of cowpox are being found in cats or exotic zoo animals that transmit the infection to humans. Both animals and humans reveal local exanthema on arms and legs or on the face. Although cowpox is generally regarded as a self-limiting disease, immunosuppressed patients can develop a lethal systemic disease resembling smallpox. To date, only limited information on the complex and, compared to other OPV, sparsely conserved CPXV genomes is available. Since CPXV displays the widest host range of all OPV known, it seems important to comprehend the genetic repertoire of CPXV which in turn may help elucidate specific mechanisms of CPXV pathogenesis and origin. Therefore, 22 genomes of independent CPXV strains from clinical cases, involving ten humans, four rats, two cats, two jaguarundis, one beaver, one elephant, one marah and one mongoose, were sequenced by using massive parallel pyrosequencing. The extensive phylogenetic analysis showed that the CPXV strains sequenced clearly cluster into several distinct clades, some of which are closely related to Vaccinia viruses while others represent different clades in a CPXV cluster. Particularly one CPXV clade is more closely related to Camelpox virus, Taterapox virus and Variola virus than to any other known OPV. These results support and extend recent data from other groups who postulate that CPXV does not form a monophyletic clade and should be divided into multiple lineages.
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影响因子：
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影响因子：
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发表时间：
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DOI：
10.1016/j.meegid.2012.12.002
发表时间：
2013-03
期刊：
Infection, genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases
影响因子：
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作者：
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通讯作者：
Rothenburg S