A route to well-being: intelligence versus wise reasoning.
A route to well-being: intelligence versus wise reasoning.
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DOI：
10.1037/a0029560
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发表时间：
2013-08
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Nisbett, Richard E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Grossmann, Igor;Na, Jinkyung;Varnum, Michael E. W.;Kitayama, Shinobu;Nisbett, Richard E.
外行人和许多社会科学家认为，上级推理能力会带来更大的幸福感。然而，以前的研究一直没有定论。这可能是因为先前的研究者使用了有利于分析而不是明智思考的推理操作化。我们根据人们使用各种语用图式来处理社会冲突的程度来评估智慧。通过对美国人的随机抽样，我们发现，明智的推理与更高的生活满意度、更少的负面影响、更好的社会关系、更少的抑郁性沉思、更多的积极与消极的话语以及更长的寿命有关。明智的推理和幸福感之间的关系，即使在控制社会经济因素，语言能力和几个人格特征的情况下也是如此。与之前的研究一样，智力和幸福感之间没有联系。此外，明智的推理介导了与年龄相关的幸福差异，特别是在中年和老年人中。推理，幸福和老龄化的研究的影响进行了讨论。
Laypeople and many social scientists assume that superior reasoning abilities lead to greater well-being. However, previous research has been inconclusive. This may be because prior investigators used operationalizations of reasoning that favored analytic as opposed to wise thinking. We assessed wisdom in terms of the degree to which people use various pragmatic schemas to deal with social conflicts. With a random sample of Americans we found that wise reasoning is associated with greater life satisfaction, less negative affect, better social relationships, less depressive rumination, more positive vs. negative words used in speech, and greater longevity. The relationship between wise reasoning and well-being held even when controlling for socio-economic factors, verbal abilities, and several personality traits. As in prior work there was no association between intelligence and well-being. Further, wise reasoning mediated age-related differences in well-being, particularly among the middle-aged and older adults. Implications for research on reasoning, well-being and aging are discussed.
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影响因子：
--
作者：
BASSECHES, M
通讯作者：
BASSECHES, M
影响因子：
3.7
作者：
Carstensen LL;Turan B;Scheibe S;Ram N;Ersner-Hershfield H;Samanez-Larkin GR;Brooks KP;Nesselroade JR
通讯作者：
Nesselroade JR
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Kramer, DA
通讯作者：
Kramer, DA
影响因子：
7.6
作者：
Gross, JJ;John, OP
通讯作者：
John, OP
影响因子：
24.8
作者：
Charles ST;Carstensen LL
通讯作者：
Carstensen LL