Implications of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and lactation.

Implications of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and lactation.
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DOI:
10.1016/j.ajog.2009.09.002
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发表时间:
2010-05
影响因子:
9.8
通讯作者:
Bernal-Mizrachi C
Bernal-Mizrachi C
中科院分区:
医学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Mulligan ML;Felton SK;Riek AE;Bernal-Mizrachi C

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维生素 D 是一种必需的脂溶性维生素,也是儿童和成人钙代谢的关键调节剂。由于妊娠晚期对钙的需求增加,维生素 D 状态对于孕产妇健康、胎儿骨骼生长以及最佳孕产妇和胎儿结局至关重要。尽管广泛使用产前维生素,但维生素 D 缺乏在孕妇 (5-50%) 和母乳喂养的婴儿 (10-56%) 中很常见,因为这些维生素不足以维持正常的维生素 D 水平 (≥32 ng/mL)。先兆子痫、低出生体重、新生儿低钙血症、产后生长不良、骨质脆弱和自身免疫性疾病发病率增加等不良健康结果与妊娠期和婴儿期维生素 D 水平低有关。目前正在研究确定孕妇维生素 D 的每日推荐剂量。这篇综述讨论了维生素 D 代谢以及妊娠期和哺乳期维生素 D 缺乏的影响。
Vitamin D is an essential fat soluble vitamin and a key modulator of calcium metabolism in children and adults. Because calcium demands increase in the third trimester of pregnancy, vitamin D status becomes crucial for maternal health, fetal skeletal growth, and optimal maternal and fetal outcomes. Vitamin D deficiency is common in pregnant women (5–50%) and in breastfed infants (10–56%), despite the widespread use of prenatal vitamins, because these are inadequate to maintain normal vitamin D levels (≥32 ng/mL). Adverse health outcomes such as preeclampsia, low birthweight, neonatal hypocalcemia, poor postnatal growth, bone fragility, and increased incidence of autoimmune diseases have been linked to low vitamin D levels during pregnancy and infancy. Studies are underway to establish the recommended daily doses of vitamin D in pregnant women. This review discusses vitamin D metabolism and the implications of vitamin D deficiency in pregnancy and lactation.
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