Pandemic influenza--including a risk assessment of H5N1.

Pandemic influenza--including a risk assessment of H5N1.
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DOI:
10.20506/rst.28.1.1879
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发表时间:
2009-04
期刊:
Revue scientifique et technique (International Office of Epizootics)
影响因子:
--
通讯作者:
Morens DM
Morens DM
中科院分区:
其他
文献类型:
--
作者:
Taubenberger JK;Morens DM

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流感大流行和流行病显然至少在中世纪就已经发生了。当大流行出现时,一年内可能有50%或更多的受影响人口被感染,流感造成的死亡人数可能大大超过正常预期。自1500年以来,似乎已经发生了13次或更多的流感大流行。在过去的120年里,毫无疑问,1889年、1918年、1957年、1968年和1977年都有大流行。尽管大多数专家认为我们将面临另一场流感大流行,但无法预测它将在何时出现,它将在哪里发生,或者它将有多严重。对于最有可能导致下一次大流行的流感病毒亚型,也没有达成一致意见。H5N1高致病性禽流感病毒的持续传播增加了人们对大流行预测的兴趣。尽管前病毒学时代的历史记录存在不确定性,但对以往大流行的研究可能有助于指导未来的大流行规划,并有助于更好地理解甲型流感病毒大流行株形成的复杂生态生物学。
Influenza pandemics and epidemics have apparently occurred since at least the Middle Ages. When pandemics appear, 50% or more of an affected population can be infected in a single year, and the number of deaths caused by influenza can dramatically exceed what is normally expected. Since 1500, there appear to have been 13 or more influenza pandemics. In the past 120 years there were undoubted pandemics in 1889, 1918, 1957, 1968, and 1977. Although most experts believe we will face another influenza pandemic, it is impossible to predict when it will appear, where it will originate, or how severe it will be. Nor is there agreement about the subtype of influenza virus most likely to cause the next pandemic. The continuing spread of H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses has heightened interest in pandemic prediction. Despite uncertainties in the historical record of the pre-virology era, study of previous pandemics may help guide future pandemic planning and lead to a better understanding of the complex ecobiology underlying the formation of pandemic strains of influenza A viruses.
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