Structural differences in the hippocampus and amygdala of behaviorally inhibited macaque monkeys.
Structural differences in the hippocampus and amygdala of behaviorally inhibited macaque monkeys.
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DOI：
10.1002/hipo.23329
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发表时间：
2021-08
期刊：
影响因子：
3.5
通讯作者：
Lavenex, Pierre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Villard, Justine;Bennett, Jeffrey L.;Bliss-Moreau, Eliza;Capitanio, John P.;Fox, Nathan A.;Amaral, David G.;Lavenex, Pierre
行为抑制是一种面对不熟悉的人、物体或事件时反应谨慎的气质倾向。行为受到抑制的儿童在以后的生活中患焦虑症的风险更大。先前的研究报道，有童年行为抑制史的个体在海马体和杏仁核中表现出异常活动。然而，很少有研究调查了可能导致这些功能异常的结构差异。在这项探索性研究中，我们评估了恒河猴表现出与人类行为抑制一致的表型。我们进行了无法在人类身上进行的定量神经解剖学分析，包括对行为抑制和对照组恒河猴不同海马区和杏仁核的体积和神经元数量的估计。行为抑制的猴子海马区吻侧三分之一CA3的体积较大，吻侧三分之一CA2的体积较小，杏仁核附属基底核的体积较小。此外，行为抑制的猴子在CA2的吻侧三分之一有更少的神经元。这些结构差异可能导致行为抑制个体的海马体和杏仁核功能异常。这些结构上的发现与通过前额叶皮层向附属基底核的投射减少杏仁核活动的调节是一致的。考虑到杏仁核在情感加工、CA3在联想学习和CA2在社会记忆中的作用，杏仁核和CA3活性的增加以及CA2结构和功能的减少可能与社交焦虑的增加和行为抑制的遗传性有关。这项探索性研究的发现迫使后续调查进行更大的样本量和额外的分析，以提供关于行为抑制的神经生物学基础的更深入的见解和更明确的答案。
Behavioral inhibition is a temperamental disposition to react warily when confronted by unfamiliar people, objects, or events. Behaviorally inhibited children are at greater risk of developing anxiety disorders later in life. Previous studies reported that individuals with a history of childhood behavioral inhibition exhibit abnormal activity in the hippocampus and amygdala. However, few studies have investigated the structural differences that may underlie these functional abnormalities. In this exploratory study, we evaluated rhesus monkeys exhibiting a phenotype consistent with human behavioral inhibition. We performed quantitative neuroanatomical analyses that cannot be performed in humans including estimates of the volume and neuron number of distinct hippocampal regions and amygdala nuclei in behaviorally inhibited and control rhesus monkeys. Behaviorally inhibited monkeys had larger volumes of the rostral third of the hippocampal field CA3, smaller volumes of the rostral third of CA2, and smaller volumes of the accessory basal nucleus of the amygdala. Furthermore, behaviorally inhibited monkeys had fewer neurons in the rostral third of CA2. These structural differences may contribute to the functional abnormalities in the hippocampus and amygdala of behaviorally inhibited individuals. These structural findings in monkeys are consistent with a reduced modulation of amygdala activity via prefrontal cortex projections to the accessory basal nucleus. Given the putative roles of the amygdala in affective processing, CA3 in associative learning and CA2 in social memory, increased amygdala and CA3 activity, and diminished CA2 structure and function, may be associated with increased social anxiety and the heritability of behavioral inhibition. The findings from this exploratory study compel follow-up investigations with larger sample sizes and additional analyses to provide greater insight and more definitive answers regarding the neurobiological bases of behavioral inhibition.
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影响因子：
2.6
作者：
Blackford, Jennifer Urbano;Clauss, Jacqueline A.;Avery, Suzanne N.;Cowan, Ronald L.;Benningfield, Margaret M.;VanDerKlok, Ross M.
通讯作者：
VanDerKlok, Ross M.
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
Caulfield MD;McAuley JD;Servatius RJ
通讯作者：
Servatius RJ
DOI：
10.3109/10253890.2011.578184
发表时间：
2012-01
期刊：
Stress (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
影响因子：
--
作者：
Myers CE;Vanmeenen KM;McAuley JD;Beck KD;Pang KC;Servatius RJ
通讯作者：
Servatius RJ
DOI：
10.1097/chi.0b013e3181ae09df
发表时间：
2009-09
影响因子：
13.3
作者：
Chronis-Tuscano A;Degnan KA;Pine DS;Perez-Edgar K;Henderson HA;Diaz Y;Raggi VL;Fox NA
通讯作者：
Fox NA
影响因子：
4.2
作者：
Blackford, Jennifer Urbano;Avery, Suzanne N.;Zald, David H.
通讯作者：
Zald, David H.