AEROCE (Atmospheric/Ocean Chemistry Experiment) Secondary Network Operations Group

在过去的10-15年里，大气化学已经从一个主要致力于研究城市污染和空气质量等局部问题的年轻研究学科发展成为一门涉及各种化学物质在半球到全球范围内循环的成熟科学。在很大程度上，这种变化是由于人们日益认识到，人类活动可以对自然对流层造成化学干扰，其规模远远超出当地的关注范围。众所周知的例子包括某些氮化合物、铅和其他重金属、人工放射性核素、一些合成有机物质、某些形成酸的物种、二氧化碳和甲烷的区域到全球浓度的变化。大气中的这些化学变化通常可以扩展到远离原始来源地区的地球土壤、海洋和生物群。它们可能导致地球气候的变化，重要的营养循环的变化，并对地球上的公共健康和生活质量产生重大影响。大气/海洋化学实验（AEROCE）将是一个以北大西洋区域为中心的协调的多机构大气和海洋化学研究项目。欧空局项目的最终目标将是发展在北大西洋上空海洋对流层观测到的大陆衍生物种的预测能力。在AEROCE中，地点的选择和测量方案是由建模人员和现场实验人员共同制定的。该项目为AEROCE提供安装和操作支持。将在北大西洋下列地点建立一个由四个气溶胶、气体和降水采样站组成的网络：巴巴多斯、西印度群岛；最西边是百慕大群岛；爱尔兰西海岸的梅斯黑德（Mace Head）；加那利群岛的特内里费岛，在海拔2600米的伊扎尼亚天文台。每个站点将有一个三泵气溶胶过滤采样系统和一个三重集雨器。该网络将于1988年初完全运作。在第一年，所有监测站将每周收集一次气溶胶和降水样本，此后将每天收集一次。当四站网络全面运行时，每年将产生约6000个离散过滤和降水样本。二级网络运营组将建造所有设备，在现场安装站点，通过当地合作社管理站点的运营，并支持和维护网络站点。该小组还将从二级网络站接收样本和数据，并按照欧空局调查人员的要求重新分发材料。

Over the past 10-15 years atmospheric chemistry has evolved from a young research discipline devoted primarily to local problems of urban pollution and air quality to a mature science concerned with the hemispheric to global scale cycling of a wide variety of chemical species. To a large extent this change has resulted from an increasing realization that human activities can cause chemical disturbances to the natural troposphere on scales far beyond local concerns. Well-known examples include changes in the regional-to-global concentrations of certain nitrogen compounds, lead and other heavy metals, artificial radionuclides, a number of synthetic organic substances, certain acid-forming species, carbon dioxide and methane. These chemical changes in the atmosphere can often extend to the earth's soils, oceans, and biota far from the original source region. They can result in alterations in the earth's climate, changes in vital nutrient cycles, and impact significantly on the public health and quality of life on earth. The Atmosphere/Ocean Chemistry Experiment (AEROCE) will be a coordinated multi-institutional atmospheric and marine chemistry research project centered in the North Atlantic region. The ultimate goal of the AEROCE project will be the development of a predictive capability for the continentally derived species observed in the marine troposphere over the North Atlantic. The selection of sites and the measurement protocol in AEROCE has been developed jointly by modelers and field experimentalists. This project provides installation and operational support for AEROCE. A network of four aerosol, gas and precipitation sampling stations will be established in the North Atlantic Ocean at the following locations: Barbados, West Indies; Bermuda on the west end; Mace Head, Ireland, on the west coast; Tenerife, Canary Islands, at the obervatory at Izania at 2600 meters. Each station will have a three-pump aerosol filter sampling system and a triplet rain collector. The network will be completely operational by early 1988. During the first year all stations will collect aerosol and precipitation samples on a weekly basis, thereafter, on a daily basis. When the four station network is in full operation, it will yield about 6000 discrete filter and precipitation samples each year. The Secondary Network Operations Group will construct all equipment, install the stations on site, manage operations at the site through a local cooperative, and support and maintain the network stations. This group will also receive the samples and data from secondary network stations and redistribute the materials as required by AEROCE investigators.