INDOEX - Field Experiment in the Indian Ocean: Continuous Measurements of Aerosol Chemical, Physical, and Optical Properties in the Marine Boundary Layer at Male,Indian Ocean

小行星9612895 印度洋实验（Indian Ocean Experiment，INDOEX）是一项国际性的实地实验，参与者包括法国、德国、印度、荷兰和美国。 美国部分的主要工作重点是评估硫酸盐和其他大陆气溶胶在全球辐射强迫中的作用，并得到能源部和国家科学基金会的联合支持。 此外，来自其他联邦机构和其他国际伙伴的科学家将进行补充研究，调查各种相关的化学和辐射过程。该综合观测系统包括从船舶到飞机的各种平台，以及地面和气球测量系统和卫星数据。三年努力的主要部分将是从1999年1月开始的为期四个月的实地密集阶段。 该计划的最终目标是更好地了解十年和更长时间尺度的气候强迫。东北冬季风季节的赤道印度洋为这项实验提供了一个独特的天然实验室。实验区可能是世界上唯一一个被大陆气溶胶、人为痕量物种及其反应产物（例如，在热带辐合带，来自北方半球的大气（包括硫酸盐和臭氧）与南半球的原始空气接触，这些空气是通过跨赤道季风流输送的。这两种截然不同的气团的并列将允许对气溶胶对大气辐射特性的直接和间接影响进行彻底的检查。 Prospero博士和他的同事们将通过在马尔代夫一个岛屿站点进行是的半的连续采样计划，开发INDOEX地区气溶胶化学、物理和辐射特性的气候数据集。由于这段时间内大气条件的预期范围，气溶胶种类的特性和浓度也将有很大变化。PI将试图将这些化学和物理变化与大气辐射特性的变化联系起来。

9612895 Prospero The Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) is an international field experiment with participation from France, Germany, India, the Netherlands, and the United States. The main effort under the U.S. component focuses on assessing the role of sulfates and other continental aerosols in global radiative forcing and is being supported jointly by the Department of Energy and the National Science Foundation. In addition, complementary studies involving investigations of a variety of related chemical and radiative processes will be undertaken by scientists from other federal agencies and other international partners. The composite observing system consists of a wide range of platforms, from ships to aircraft, as well as surface-based and balloon measuring systems, and satellite data. The main part of the three year effort will be a four-month intensive field phase which begins January 1999. The ultimate goal of this program is to obtain a better understanding of the decadal and longer time scale climate forcing. The equatorial Indian Ocean during the northeast winter monsoon season provides a unique natural laboratory for this experiment. The experimental area is probably the only place in the world where an air mass which has been modified by intense sources of continental aerosols, anthropogenic trace species, and their reaction products (e.g., sulfates and ozone) from the northern hemisphere comes into contact with the pristine air of the southern hemisphere, which has been transported via cross equatorial monsoonal flow, at the Intertropical Convergence Zone. The juxtaposition of these two very distinct air masses will allow a thorough examination of both the direct and indirect effects of the aerosols on the radiative properties of the atmosphere. Dr. Prospero and colleagues will develop a climatological data set of the chemical, physical, and radiative characteristics of aerosols in the INDOEX region through a continuous sampling program over two and a half yea rs at an island site in the Maldives. With the expected range in atmospheric conditions over this time, the characteristics of and concentrations in species of aerosols will also vary greatly. The PIs will attempt to associate these chemical and physical variations with changes in atmospheric radiative properties.