Social Mobility Among American Men

摘要 研究两代人的社会流动性 经常发现相对较小的波动量 父母及其成年子女的流动性。之间 相比之下，国家之间的差异往往很大， 流动率和流动量。一种可能的解释是 这些模式之一是，流动率与发展阶段有关， 经济发展因为发展水平不 通常在短时间内变化， 代际之间的流动性往往只经历相对 轻微的波动。然而，由于有大量的 各国经济发展的差异， 各国的社会流动率也差别很大。 现代调查无法直接测试流动性- 发展论点，即使他们问受访者的回忆， 因为他们无法在足够长的时间内收集数据 时间了近年来，社会学家和 历史学家们收集了大量关于流动性的数据 19世纪和20世纪初， 世纪。它们涵盖了足够的时间， 调查员研究长期趋势。(The出生队列 分列的数据从1776年到1952年不等。 分析涉及重新编码的职业安置， 将受访者归入同一类别，以便 在所有数据中， 集.除了研究移动性发展的论点， 这些数据集允许对种族和区域 在这150年中，美国的流动性差异 年期间。

Abstract Studies which examine social mobilility across two generations often find relatively small fluctuations in the amounts of mobility experienced by parents and their grown children. Among nations, by contrast, there are often substantial differences in rates and amounts of mobility. One possible explanation for both of these patterns is that mobility rates are tied to stages of economic development. Because development levels do not ordinarily change during short intervals of time, rates of mobility between generations tend merely to undergo relatively minor fluctuations. However, because there are substantial variations in economic development among nations, cross- national rates of social mobility are also quite variable.. Contemporary surveys can not directly test the mobility- development thesis, even if they ask respondents' recollections, because they can not collect data over a sufficently long period of time. In recent years, however, sociologists and social historians have put together a number of data sets on mobility in the United States during the nineteenth and early twentieth century. They cover a sufficient period of time to permit the investigator to examine long term trends. (The birth cohorts in the disaggregated data range from l776 to l952.) The analysis involves re-coding the occupational placements of respondents into the same categories so that mobility can be measured in comparable occupational terms in all of the data sets. In addition to examining the mobility-development thesis, the data sets permit analysis of both racial and regional differences in mobility in the United States during this 150 year period.