Electrochemical Amination Reactions for Amino Acid Synthesis

小型企业创新研究（SBIR） 是开发一种有效的电化学过程， 生产氨基酸。 第一阶段计划的重点是 旨在确定两种技术的可行性 电化学胺化反应以制备DL-多巴（用于 人造甜味剂Nutrasweet的制备）和 dl-苯丙氨酸（用于治疗帕金森病， 老年人）。 所进行的工作证明了这种氨基的可行性。 酸合成路线以产生DL外消旋混合物。 这项II期 将努力合成光学活性的 使用聚合物衍生电极测定氨基酸。 两个附加 将合成商业上重要的氨基酸，L-丙氨酸和 l-缬氨酸。 第二阶段的具体技术重点将包括： o将Ti 3 +/Ti4+氧化还原对转化为聚合物衍生物 用于实现胺基自由基的高法拉第效率的电极 阵 〇在衍生的聚合物上提供光学活性位点 用于在前体分子中诱导旋光性的电极 在靠近反应器的位置进行胺化， 电极/电解质界面区域。 o制备和电化学测试原型电解质 使用电极组件的电池和实验条件 在第二阶段进行优化。 电有机电合成技术在有机合成中的应用 特种化学品的制备可具有优于 常规的化学合成途径包括： 选择性优于同等的化学工艺， 更良性，并提供了一个简化的整体机会， 一个或多个步骤通常存在于 可以避免常规的化学方法。 这项研究将 也增加了对电化学反应机制的理解， 电解槽

The overall purpose of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) is to develop an efficient electrochemical process for the commercial production of amino acids. Emphasis of the Phase I program was directed towards determining the technical feasibility of two electrochemical amination reactions to produce dl-dopa (used in the preparation of the artificial sweetener Nutrasweet) and dl-phenylalanine (used in the treatment of Parkinson's Disease in the elderly). Work performed demonstrated the viability of this amino acid synthesis route to produce dl racemic mixtures. This Phase II effort will be directed towards the synthesis of optically active amino acids using polymer derivatized electrodes. Two additional commercially important amino acids will be synthesized, l-alanine and l-valine. Specific technical emphasis during Phase II will include: o Incorporating the Ti3+/Ti4+ redox couple into polymer derivatized electrodes to achieve high Faradaic efficiencies for aminyl radical formation. o Providing optically active sites on the polymer derivatized electrode for inducing optical activity in the precursor molecule subject to amination in close proximity to the electrode/electrolyte interfacial region. o Preparing and electrochemically testing prototype electrolytic cells using electrode components and experimental conditions optimized during Phase II. The application of electroorganic synthesis technology for the preparation of specialty chemicals can have advantages over conventional chemical synthesis routes including: providing greater selectivity than an equivalent chemical process, being environmentally more benign, and providing the opportunity for a simplified overall industrial process where one or more steps normally found in conventional chemical processes can be avoided. The research will also increase understanding of electrochemical reaction mechanisms and electrolytic cells.