Mixed Conducting Membrances For Nox Decomposition in Automobile Exhausts

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This program involves the design and synthesis of mixed ionic and electronic conducting membranes that promote decomposition of nitrogen oxides in automobile exhaust. The strategy depends on a perovskite catalyst to decompose the nitrogen oxide and an oxide-ion "pump" to remove oxygen from the active site. The conducting membrane and catalytic membrane may be the same or different materials. Research objectives include optimization of the catalysts in solid-state electrolytic cells and optimization of the components of the mixed conducting membranes. The research clarifies the mechanism of decomposition of nitrogen oxides at catalytic sites and the conditions required to maintain long-term activity. Characteristics of the solid-state membrane necessary for achieving rapid oxide-ion mediation away from the reaction site are identified; these are optimized for operation at representative automobile exhaust temperatures. This is an SBIR Phase II effort. It leads to a long-life, low-cost, membrane converter for removing nitrogen oxides from automobile exhausts. This technology is especially applicable to lean-burn engines, which are expected to become dominant in the future because of their high fuel efficiency.//