Solvated Electron Secondary Lithium Electrodes for High Energy Density Batteries

采用溶剂化电子电极的先进二次电池系统将得到优化。所研究的锂电极由锂最初溶解在液氨中形成“溶剂化电子”或“青铜”溶液组成。通过使用一般成分LixWO2 （0.1 x 1;0）的锂嵌入电子导电陶瓷膜，可以防止这种液体负极活性物质与电池正极室中存在的非水电解质直接接触。二次电化学电池：具有一般结构的二次电化学电池：第一阶段鉴定出Li、NH3/LixWO2/LiCF3SO3、PC/TiS2和LiNH3/LixWO2/LiCF、CuC12、SO2、CH3CN/C各自具有开-电路电位为2.5和3.4V，电化学可逆，基于20 m/o的液氨锂，理论能量密度为454和929 Wh/kg。结合这种新型锂电极的电池可以预测其高能量密度以及预期的长循环寿命，使其成为诸如公用事业负载均衡，电动汽车推进和航空航天电源等各种应用的有吸引力的候选者。

Advanced secondary battery systems using a solvated electron electrode will be optimized. The lithium electrode investigated consisted of lithium initially dissolved in liquid ammonia to give either a "solvated electron" or "bronze" solution. Containment of this liquid negative active material from direct contact with a nonaqueous electrolyte present in the cell positive electrode compartment is addressed via the use of a lithium intercalated electronically conducting ceramic membrane of the general composition LixWO2 (0.1 x 1;0). Secondary electrochemical cells having the general configuration: Li,NH3/LixWO2/LiCF3SO3,PC/TiS2 and LiNH3/LixWO2/LiCF,CuC12,SO2,CH3CN/C were identified during Phase I which possessed respective open- circuit potentials of 2.5 and 3.4V, were electrochemically reversible and had theoretical energy densities of 454 and 929 Wh/kg based upon 20 m/o lithium in liquid ammonia. The high energy densities that can be predicted from batteries incorporating this novel lithium electrode together with their anticipated long cycle life, make them attractive candidates for such varied applications as utility load leveling, electric vehicle propulsion and aerospace power sources.