Engineering Research Equipment Grant: A Surface Force Instrument for Adhesion Membrane Transport and Polymer Studies

工程研究设备补助金：用于粘附膜传输和聚合物研究的表面力仪器

• 批准号: 8806674
• 负责人: David Graves
• 金额: $ 5.5万
• 依托单位: University of Pennsylvania
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-06-01 至 1990-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8806674&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Engineering; Research; Equipment; Grant; Surface

The equipment provided by this project allows three investigators who recently have been awarded an NSF "minicenter" grant to study cell separations mediated by receptor-ligand interactions. The surface force instrument (SFI) provides direct information on the strength of such bonds, the distances over which they are effective, and in the case of fluid membrane surfaces (modeled by lipid bilayers deposited on the mica surfaces) how rapidly the bond-forming molecules can diffuse into close proximity to one another. The transport of molecules through membranes is also of great interest to two other researchers. The SFI provides direct information on the partitioning of molecules between pore (modeled by the thin slit "pore" of the two mica surfaces) and bulk liquid. Predictions suggesting an oscillatory variation in the partition coefficient as pore radius changes can be tested. Many fundamental materials properties are directly dependent on intermolecular forces. These properties, in turn, are used directly in chemical engineering calculations to predict and correlate polymer solubility, colloid stability, adhesion, membrane permeation, adsorption, and other phenomena. In the past, it has been necessary to use derived quantities as a measure of these interactions. The SFI permits direct measurement of these forces and how they vary with position. It therefore has the potential for making important contributions to many areas of chemical engineering: in producing accurate "first-principles" data, in testing theoretical predictions based on molecular interactions, and i helping to produce improved correlating functions.

该项目提供的设备允许最近获得美国国家科学基金会“微型中心”拨款的三名研究人员研究受体-配体相互作用介导的细胞分离。表面力仪器(SFI)提供了有关这种键的强度、有效距离的直接信息，以及在流体膜表面(由沉积在云母表面上的脂类双层模拟)的情况下，键形成分子扩散到彼此紧密接近的速度。分子通过膜的运输也引起了另外两位研究人员的极大兴趣。SFI提供了分子在气孔(由两个云母表面的细缝“气孔”模拟)和大块液体之间分配的直接信息。预测表明，随着孔半径的变化，分配系数会出现振荡变化，这一预测是可以检验的。许多基本的材料性质直接取决于分子间作用力。反过来，这些性质直接用于化学工程计算，以预测和关联聚合物的溶解度、胶体稳定性、附着力、膜渗透、吸附和其他现象。在过去，有必要使用导出量来衡量这些相互作用。SFI允许直接测量这些力以及它们如何随位置变化。因此，它有可能为化学工程的许多领域做出重要贡献：产生准确的“第一原理”数据，检验基于分子相互作用的理论预测，并帮助产生改进的关联函数。