John von Neumann and the Origins of Modern Computing

约翰·冯·诺依曼和现代计算的起源

• 批准号: 8809336
• 负责人: William Aspray
• 金额: $ 1.74万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-07-01 至 1989-08-01
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8809336&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: John; von; Neumann; Origins; Modern

John von Neumann is one of the major scientific figures of 20th century America. He contributed to the mathematical disciplines of logic, measurement theory, Lie groups, operator theory, mathematical physics, and numerical analysis. He applied mathematics to the foundations of quantum mechanics, game theory, economics, and automata. He pioneered the early design, programming, construction, and scientific use of computers. He served as a productive faculty member at eminent mathematical research institutions in Germany and the United States. He participated at high levels in the mobilization of science during World War II and was a major advocate for the development of atomic energy after the war. In short, von Neumann played a central role in mathematical science in all of its ramifications in the United States. A study of his work promises greatly to elucidate the growth of the United States as a scientific power in this century. Nowhere was his influence greater than in his contributions to the development of the modern computer. It is this latter aspect of von Neumann's work that Dr. Aspray is studying. Specifically, Dr. Aspray is examining von Neumann's work on the logical design of hardware systems, coding and programming, and the construction of modern computing equipment. This work will complement Dr. Aspray's previous work on von Neumann's contributions to numerical analysis, scientific computation, and theory of computing. Under this new project, Dr. Aspray will integrate the work of the two projects and set the general context in which von Neumann's work was carried out. This work is based on an examination of published materials, archival materials, new and existing oral histories and conversations and correspondence with von Neumann's associates.

约翰·冯·诺依曼是20世纪科学界的重要人物之一。 世纪的美国。 他对数学学科作出了贡献 逻辑，测量理论，李群，算子理论， 数学物理和数值分析 他申请 从数学到量子力学、博弈论、 经济学和自动机。 他是早期设计的先驱， 编程，建筑和科学使用计算机。 他 曾是一名富有成效的教员， 德国和美国的研究机构。 他 在高级别上参与了科学的动员， 第二次世界大战，是发展的主要倡导者 战后的原子能 简而言之，冯·诺依曼扮演了一个 在数学科学的所有分支中的核心作用 在美国 研究他的著作， 阐明美国作为一个科学强国的发展 在这个世纪。 他的影响力最大的地方莫过于他的 为现代计算机的发展做出了贡献。 是 冯·诺依曼的后一个方面的工作， 学习 具体来说，阿斯派博士正在检查冯·诺依曼的 从事硬件系统的逻辑设计、编码和 编程和现代计算设备的建设。 这项工作将补充阿斯佩博士以前对冯 诺依曼对数值分析、科学 计算和计算理论。 在这个新项目下， Aspray博士将整合这两个项目的工作， 冯·诺依曼的工作是在这样的背景下进行的。 这项工作是基于对出版材料的审查， 档案材料，新的和现有的口述历史， 与冯·诺依曼同事的谈话和通信