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Dissertation Research: Dental Development in Upper Pleistocene Hominids and Recent Humans

论文研究：更新世晚期原始人类和近代人类的牙齿发育

基本信息

批准号：
8918011
负责人：
Erik Trinkaus
金额：
$ 0.97万
依托单位：
University of New Mexico
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
1989
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1989-11-01 至 1991-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8918011&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Dissertation Research Dental Development Upper

项目摘要

This is an investigation into the relative rates and patterns of dental mineralization in Upper Pleistocene fossil hominids (Neanderthals and early modern humans) compared with three recent human geographic populations. Using a standard scoring system, frequency distributions of the various stages of development that any tooth displays relative to specified states of development of a "reference" tooth will be derived for the recent human samples. These distributions will be compared to determine whether significant differences exist in relative dental calcification rates and patterns among recent human samples. These recent human data will provide the necessary background for assessing the nature and extent of differences between recent humans and Upper Pleistocene fossil hominids in relative dental development, so that any differences in overall maturation rates can be assessed. A major gap in our understanding of the difference between Neanderthals and recent humans is a lack of knowledge of their dental development. We know that modern humans have extremely delayed dental maturation, and there is strong evidence that the earliest hominids had a much more rapid rate of dental development. Rapid dental development implies a shorter developmental period with implications for the timing of behavioral maturation. Did the shift occur before or after the Neanderthals? Neanderthals have adult brain sizes and overall body sizes similar to those of modern humans. But, did they mature at the same time and rate? This study will assist in understanding possible differences in the life history of modern humans and the Neanderthals.

这是一项对上更新世古人类化石（尼安德特人和早期现代人）牙齿矿化的相对比率和模式的研究，并与最近的三个人类地理种群进行了比较。使用标准的评分系统，任何牙齿相对于“参考”牙齿的特定发育状态所显示的不同发育阶段的频率分布将从最近的人类样本中得到。将对这些分布进行比较，以确定在最近的人类样本中，相对牙齿钙化率和模式是否存在显著差异。这些最新的人类数据将为评估现代人类与上更新世古人类在牙齿相对发育方面的差异的性质和程度提供必要的背景，从而可以评估总体成熟率的任何差异。我们对尼安德特人和现代人之间差异的理解的一个主要差距是缺乏对他们牙齿发育的了解。我们知道现代人的牙齿发育非常迟缓，有强有力的证据表明，最早的原始人的牙齿发育速度要快得多。快速的牙齿发育意味着较短的发育周期，这意味着行为成熟的时间。这种转变发生在尼安德特人之前还是之后？尼安德特人的大脑大小和整体体型与现代人相似。但是，它们是在同一时间和同一利率到期的吗？这项研究将有助于了解现代人和尼安德特人在生活史上可能存在的差异。