Rank and Sign Dependent Linear Utility Theory: Theoretical Extensions, Empirical Tests, and Applied Relevance

秩和符号相关的线性效用理论：理论扩展、实证检验和应用相关性

• 批准号: 8921494
• 负责人: R. Duncan Luce
• 金额: $ 13.84万
• 依托单位: University of California-Irvine
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-04-01 至 1993-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8921494&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Rank; Sign; Dependent; Linear; Utility

The proposal outlines a valuable extension of research on expected utility theory. Forty years of experience has led to two conclusions. One, stressed by empirical researchers, is that the theory does not adequately describe behavior in many experimental and real-world situations. The other, stressed by decision analysts, is that the axioms of the theory are normatively appealing and difficult to dismiss. The gap between the descriptive inadequacy and normative appeal has widened in the past ten years. As a result, researchers have challenged not only the descriptive validity, but the normative basis of expected utility theory. The proposed research begins by identifying a common ground for descriptive and normative research in a newly developed rank and sign dependent (RSD) linear utility theory. The investigators propose (1) to extend the range of concepts included in RSD, (2) to test key assumptions of RSD, (3) to develop connections between RSD and traditional utility theory, and (4) to explore the normative-descriptive distinction in the context of RSD. Thus, the research combines theoretical development, experimental research, and applied experience in an effort to bridge the normative- descriptive gap in the theory of decision making under uncertainty.

该提案概述了预期效用理论研究的有价值的扩展。 四十年的经验得出两个结论。 实证研究人员强调，其一是该理论无法充分描述许多实验和现实情况下的行为。 决策分析师强调的另一个问题是，该理论的公理在规范上具有吸引力且难以驳回。 过去十年来，描述性的不足和规范性的吸引力之间的差距不断扩大。 因此，研究人员不仅质疑预期效用理论的描述有效性，而且质疑其规范基础。 拟议的研究首先确定新开发的秩和符号相关（RSD）线性效用理论中描述性和规范性研究的共同点。 研究人员建议 (1) 扩展 RSD 中包含的概念范围，(2) 测试 RSD 的关键假设，(3) 发展 RSD 与传统效用理论之间的联系，以及 (4) 探索 RSD 背景下规范性与描述性的区别。 因此，该研究结合了理论发展、实验研究和应用经验，试图弥合不确定性下决策理论的规范性和描述性差距。