Population Mobility and Disease Spread in Dominica

多米尼加的人口流动和疾病传播

• 批准号: 9010265
• 负责人: Lisa Sattenspiel
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1990
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1990-08-01 至 1992-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9010265&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Population; Mobility; Disease; Spread; Dominica

This is a study of the effect of cultural factors, social ties, and short-term population mobility (such as daily shopping and visiting) in the spread of parasitic disease on the island of Dominica in the Lesser Antilles, West Indies. Methods involve the development and analysis of mathematical models. The movement of individuals in the course of their daily activities is an important aspect of human behavior. Since most human illness is spread by direct or indirect human contact, population mobility is a critical factor involved in its spread between regions. Previous research on population movements has concentrated on large-scale permanent migrations, often because of better labor markets in new areas. Although this kind of mobility has proven useful in explaining global patterns of disease spread during human history, it is not of use in explaining its every-day occurrence. Short-term mobility is far more important for this problem because it is more common and because long stays in an area are not required in order for transmission to occur. This project will provide quantitative data on the nature of such mobility and its importance for the spread and maintenance of disease in an area. While a major focus of this study is the ultimate utilization of these data in epidemiology, the study itself is anthropological in nature and draws on the importance of social ties among kin and non-kin, and the significance of population mobility in a market-based economy.

这是一项关于文化因素、社会关系和短期人口流动(如日常购物和访问)在西印度群岛小安的列斯群岛多米尼克岛寄生虫病传播中的影响的研究。方法包括开发和分析数学模型。个人在日常活动过程中的运动是人类行为的一个重要方面。由于大多数人类疾病是通过直接或间接的人类接触传播的，人口流动是其在区域之间传播的关键因素。以前对人口流动的研究主要集中在大规模的永久迁移上，这往往是因为新地区的劳动力市场更好。尽管这种流动性已被证明有助于解释人类历史上疾病传播的全球模式，但它在解释疾病的日常发生方面却没有用处。对于这一问题，短期机动性要重要得多，因为它更常见，而且不需要在一个地区长时间停留才能发生传播。该项目将提供有关这种流动的性质及其对某一地区疾病传播和维持的重要性的量化数据。虽然这项研究的一个主要焦点是这些数据在流行病学中的最终利用，但这项研究本身是人类学的，并利用亲属和非亲属之间的社会关系的重要性，以及人口流动在以市场经济为基础的经济中的重要性。