Cell Volume Regulation in Skate Erythrocytes

滑冰红细胞的细胞体积调节

• 批准号: 9102215
• 负责人: Leon Goldstein
• 金额: $ 54.7万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1991
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1991-12-01 至 1996-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9102215&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Cell; Volume; Regulation; Skate; Erythrocytes

Many animal and plant cells are exposed to environmental salinity changes which cause alterations in the normal volumes of these cells. These changes, if they remained uncorrected, would disturb or even destroy normal cell function. Therefore, cells have evolved mechanisms by which they can adjust their volumes following these disturbances. During the past decade we have been investigating the mechanisms of volume regulation in one type of cell. We found that the red blood cell (RBC) of the salinity-tolerant little skate is a good model in which to study cell volume regulation. During the upcoming grant period we plan to determine how transport proteins in the cell's membrane operate to reduce cell volume after volume expansion in a dilute medium. This will involve identifying the specific membrane proteins involved in the process and the "signaling" mechanisms that "tell" the proteins that cell volume is too large, thereby activating these proteins. The results obtained in this study will be important to our understanding of the basic principles of cell volume regulation. In addition they will assist in discovering the causes of disturbances, as well as development of new treatments for diseases affecting the body's ability to maintain normal cell volume.

许多动物和植物细胞暴露于环境盐度变化，导致这些细胞的正常体积发生变化。 这些变化如果不加以纠正，将会扰乱甚至破坏正常的细胞功能。 因此，细胞已经进化出可以在这些干扰后调整其体积的机制。 在过去的十年中，我们一直在研究一种细胞的体积调节机制。 我们发现耐盐小鳐鱼的红细胞（RBC）是研究细胞体积调节的良好模型。 在即将到来的资助期内，我们计划确定细胞膜中的转运蛋白如何在稀释介质中体积膨胀后减少细胞体积。 这将涉及识别该过程中涉及的特定膜蛋白以及“告诉”蛋白质细胞体积太大的“信号”机制，从而激活这些蛋白质。 这项研究获得的结果对于我们理解细胞体积调节的基本原理非常重要。 此外，它们还将帮助发现紊乱的原因，以及开发针对影响身体维持正常细胞体积能力的疾病的新疗法。