Cell Volume Regulation and Taurine Transport in Fish

鱼类的细胞体积调节和牛磺酸运输

• 批准号: 8801370
• 负责人: Leon Goldstein
• 金额: $ 32.72万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 1988
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1988-12-01 至 1992-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=8801370&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Cell; Volume; Regulation; Taurine; Transport

All cells must maintain a relatively constant volume in order to function properly. The PI will use fish to study cell volume regulation since they are excellent subjects in which to study this process. When marine fish move into brackish water from sea water they are confronted with a dilution of their body fluids because of the more dilute environment. To avoid a resultant swelling of their cells they unload ions and small organic molecules from their cells and thus balance the osmolarity (concentration of salts) between the inside and outside of their cells. A non-essential amino acid, taurine, is a prime component of this regulatory mechanism. Following dilution of the extracellular fluid taurine is released from the cells into the blood and must then be eliminated from the body. As it is not metabolised it must be excreted by the kidneys. The PI has shown that the marine fish secrete this compound across the kidney tubule cell by a transport system that is dependent on sodium ion and partially dependent on chloride ion. The mammalian kidney appears to have a similar transport system but it moves in the opposite direction; taurine is reabsorbed by the kidney. In this project the PI intends to further characterize this transport system and study its regulatory mechanisms. The information gained in these studies should increase understanding of how cells regulate their volume when confronted by changes in the concentration of the extracellular fluids.

所有细胞必须保持相对恒定的体积， 功能正常。 PI将使用鱼来研究细胞体积 监管，因为它们是研究这一问题的优秀课题。 过程 当海洋鱼类从海水进入微咸水时， 他们的体液会被稀释，因为 稀释环境 为了避免细胞肿胀， 从细胞中释放出离子和小的有机分子， 平衡内部和内部之间的渗透压（盐的浓度）， 他们的细胞外。 牛磺酸是一种非必需氨基酸， 这是监管机制的重要组成部分。 稀释后 细胞外液牛磺酸从细胞释放到 血液，然后必须从体内清除。 因为它不是 代谢后，它必须由肾脏排出。 PI已经表明， 海洋鱼类通过肾小管细胞分泌这种化合物， 依赖于钠离子的转运系统， 依赖于氯离子。 哺乳动物的肾脏似乎 类似的运输系统，但它在相反的方向移动; 牛磺酸被肾脏重吸收。 在本项目中，PI打算 进一步描述这一运输系统，并研究其监管 机制等 从这些研究中获得的信息应该会增加对 细胞如何调节它们的体积， 细胞外液的浓度。