Developing Guidelines To Providing Computer-Based Support For Scientific Data Analysis

Soloway， E.这是一个三年持续奖的第三年资助。如果科学家们要充分利用目前可获得的大量和类型的数据，“人机界面”是至关重要的。需要注意的不仅仅是查询语言；相反，该界面需要将科学数据库整合到科学家的日常工作实践中，例如数据探索，假设生成和检验，报告和图表制作。正在使用任务/工件方法；它由认知任务分析、系统构建和在生态有效环境中测试的循环组成，例如，实践科学家每天使用该系统。由此产生的基于计算机的环境ReV（可视化表示）是以用户和任务为中心的，而不是由技术驱动的。ReV作为科学家的“笔记本”，允许他/她在数据库、假设、报告、图表等之间移动。ReV是为核工程科学家和从事全球变化研究的科学家设计的。随着计算机成为科学家每时每刻工作实践的一部分，精心设计的工具变得至关重要。因此，这个项目可以作为一个模型，说明如何开发和部署以科学家为中心的计算环境。

9117084 Soloway, E. This is the third year funding of a three-year continuing award. The "human-computer interface" is paramount if scientists are to take full advantage of the vast quantities and types of data now becoming available. Attention needs to be focused on more than the query language; rather, the interface needs to integrate scientific databases into the everyday work practices of scientists, e.g., data exploring, hypothesis generating and testing, report and chart making. The Task/Artifact Methodology is being employed; it consists of cycles of cognitive task analysis, system building, and testing in ecologically valid contexts, e.g., practicing scientists using the system on a daily basis. The resultant computer-based environment, ReV (Representations for Visualization) is user- and task-centered, as opposed to being technology-driven. ReV serves as the scientist's "notebook" permitting him/her to move among databases, hypotheses, reports, charts, etc. ReV is being designed for scientists in nuclear engineering and for scientists engaged in global change research. As computers become integral to the moment- by-moment work practices of scientists, well-designed tools become critical. This project, then, serves as a model for how scientist- centered computing environments can be developed and deployed.