Garbage, Recycling, and Economic Incentives

固体废物的处理费用越来越高， 垃圾填埋场和劳动力成本以及环境成本。 然而， 大多数居民不为每单位的垃圾付出额外的费用 收集，因此认为处置是免费的。 一个替代 一种方法将依赖于价格作为回收的激励 浪费 该项目的目的是开发一个 分析模型和经验分析 垃圾收集直接收费的问题， 鼓励回收利用，同时避免不适当的 非法焚烧和倾倒等处置方法。 这 研究是重要的，因为它将揭示问题， 与固体废物回收的价格激励有关。 表达式将推导出每单位的最优价格， 垃圾收集作为城市填埋成本的函数 处置，额外的环境成本，回收的价值， 以及居民对非法倾倒垃圾的反应程度。 实证方法涉及直接从160个国家收集数据。 城市，其中一半以上最近建立了单位 垃圾收集费 这些新数据将与 人口普查数据，以估计垃圾收集服务的需求 作为其价格、家庭收入和其他 特点，路边回收的可用性 集合和其他变量。

Solid waste disposal is becoming increasingly expensive in terms of landfill and labor costs as well as environmental costs. Yet, most residents pay no additional cost per unit of trash put out for collection, and thus view disposal as free. An alternative approach would rely instead on prices as an incentive to recycle waste. The purpose of this project is to develop both an analytical model and empirical analysis for analyzing the joint problem of charging a direct fee for garbage collection to encourage recycling and at the same time avoiding improper disposal methods such as illegal burning and dumping. This research is important because it will shed light on the issues related to pricing incentives for the recycling of solid wastes. Expressions will be derived for the optimal price per unit of garbage collection as a function of the city's cost of landfill disposal, additional environmental costs, the value of recycling, and the extent to which residents respond with illegal dumping. The empirical approach involves collecting data directly from 160 cities, over half of which have recently instituted per unit trash collection fees. These new data will be combined with census data to estimate the demand for trash collection services as a function of its price, household income and other characteristics, the availability of curbside recycling collection, and other variables.