Garbage, Recycling, and Economic Incentives

垃圾、回收和经济激励

• 批准号: 9122785
• 负责人: Don Fullerton
• 金额: $ 8.87万
• 依托单位: National Bureau of Economic Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 1992
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1992-03-15 至 1994-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=9122785&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Garbage; Recycling; Economic; Incentives

Solid waste disposal is becoming increasingly expensive in terms of landfill and labor costs as well as environmental costs. Yet, most residents pay no additional cost per unit of trash put out for collection, and thus view disposal as free. An alternative approach would rely instead on prices as an incentive to recycle waste. The purpose of this project is to develop both an analytical model and empirical analysis for analyzing the joint problem of charging a direct fee for garbage collection to encourage recycling and at the same time avoiding improper disposal methods such as illegal burning and dumping. This research is important because it will shed light on the issues related to pricing incentives for the recycling of solid wastes. Expressions will be derived for the optimal price per unit of garbage collection as a function of the city's cost of landfill disposal, additional environmental costs, the value of recycling, and the extent to which residents respond with illegal dumping. The empirical approach involves collecting data directly from 160 cities, over half of which have recently instituted per unit trash collection fees. These new data will be combined with census data to estimate the demand for trash collection services as a function of its price, household income and other characteristics, the availability of curbside recycling collection, and other variables.

固体废物处理在填埋和人工成本以及环境成本方面变得越来越昂贵。然而，大多数居民没有为每单位垃圾的收集支付额外的费用，因此认为垃圾处理是免费的。另一种方法是依靠价格来激励废物回收。这个项目的目的是建立一个分析模型和实证分析，分析垃圾收集直接收费的联合问题，鼓励回收利用，同时避免非法焚烧和倾倒等不当处理方式。这项研究是重要的，因为它将阐明与固体废物回收的定价奖励有关的问题。根据城市填埋处理成本、额外环境成本、回收价值以及居民对非法倾倒的反应程度，将推导出每单位垃圾收集的最优价格。实证方法包括直接从160个城市收集数据，其中一半以上的城市最近征收了单位垃圾收费费。这些新数据将与人口普查数据相结合，以估计对垃圾收集服务的需求，作为其价格、家庭收入和其他特征、路边回收收集的可用性和其他变量的函数。