Effectiveness Evaluation and System Design on the Economic Instruments for Waste Reduction and Recycling

2000年，垃圾处理收费制度作为一种有影响力的减废经济手段被研究出来。我们的研究小组于2000年9月通过问卷调查和后续沟通的方式，获得了关于东京所有671个城市和23个特别地区废物处理收费做法的全面信息。这一实况调查揭示了地方政府对垃圾处理收费制度的管理和态度。2001年，另一项有影响力的经济工具-押金退还制度-被调查。我们的研究小组对八条岛居民和退押金制度下的商店的行为和意识进行了全面的调查。调查问卷发放给了1000名留学生和大约100家商店。调查结果表明，押金退还制度在提高居民的环保意识方面是有效的，尽管该制度给小商店带来了相当大的负担。

In 2000, waste disposal charge system as a influential economic instrument for waste reduction was researched. Our research team obtained comprehensive information on the practice of waste disposal charges in all of 671 cities and 23 special districts of Tokyo by means of questionnaires and follow-up communications in September 2000. This fact-finding inquiry sheds light on management and attitude of local governments toward waste disposal charge system.In 2001, another influential economic instrument, deposit-refund system, was investigated. A comprehensive survey on the conduct and conscious of residents and stores under the deposit -refund system in Hachijo Island was conducted byj our research team. Questionnaires were ma iled to 1,000 redidents and about 100 stores. The survey results suggested that the deposit-refund system was effective for lifting environmental consciousness of residents, though the system imposed considerable burden on small stores.