Kinetics, Structure, and Properties of Crosslinked Polymer Films Formed by Cationic Photopolymerization

固化过程中挥发性有机成分（VOC）的排放 油墨、薄膜和涂料是大气污染的主要原因 污染 挥发性有机溶剂传统上是 用于赋予所需的粘度和固化速率性能， 油墨和涂料配方。 一种油墨或涂料配方， 必须具有足够的流动性以容易地施加（通常施加到 通过一系列转移快速移动衬底 辊），但必须快速固化成硬膜。 历史上， 这些处理要求已经通过使用 快速蒸发油墨和涂料中的有机溶剂， 制剂。 当这些挥发性有机溶剂进入 它们会导致烟雾和空气的形成， 污染 有必要发展高 高性能油墨和涂料，不会释放挥发性有机化合物， 气氛 双环氧化物和双乙烯基的阳离子光聚合 醚类化合物具有开发高- 高性能油墨和涂料在固化过程中不释放VOC。 然而，由于已经制备了合适的单体和引发剂， 最近才发展起来，这些特征 反应和所得聚合物膜的结构是 没有被很好地理解。 该研究项目将提供 紫外线的基本实验和理论研究- 引发阳离子光聚合。 的详细资料 反应温度和反应程度将是 使用原位时间分辨荧光和拉曼 实验，以及热，机械和物理 所得高度交联聚合物膜的性质 将被彻底定性。 核磁共振 自旋扩散实验将被用来研究 均匀性和形态的聚合物膜。 的目标 理论上的努力是开发计算机模拟， 光聚合反应是分子 以现实的方式进行流动。 这些模拟应该 提供了深入了解发展的高度交联 网络结构 这项研究将有助于评估 这些反应的发展潜力高， 高性能、无溶剂油墨和涂料。

The emission of volatile organic components (VOCs) from curing inks, films and coatings is a leading cause of atmospheric pollution. Volatile organic solvents have traditionally been used to impart desirable viscosity and cure rate properties to ink and coating formulations. An ink or coating formulation must be sufficiently fluid to be easily applied (often onto a rapidly moving substrate through a series of transfer rollers), but must cure rapidly to a hard film. Historically, these processing demands have been met through the use of a rapidly evaporating organic solvent in the ink and coating formulations. When these volatile organic solvents enter the atmosphere, they result in the formation of smog and air pollution. There is a need for the development of high performance inks and coatings that will not emit VOCs to the atmosphere. Cationic photopolymerizations of diepoxides and bisvinyl ethers exhibit potential for the development of high- performance inks and coatings which emit no VOCs during cure. However, because appropriate monomers and initiators have been developed only recently, the characteristics of these reactions and the structure of the resulting polymer films are not well understood. This research project will provide fundamental experimental and theoretical investigations of UV- initiated cationic photopolymerizations. Detailed profiles of the reaction temperature and the extent of reaction will be obtained using in situ time-resolved fluorescence and raman experiments, and the thermal, mechanical, and physical properties of the resulting highly crosslinked polymer films will be thoroughly characterized. Nuclear magnetic resonance spin diffusion experiments will be used to investigate the homogeneity and morphology of the polymer films. The goal of the theoretical effort is to develop computer simulations of the photopolymerization reactions which account for molecular mobility in a realistic manner. These simulations should provide insight into the development of the highly crosslinked network structure. The research will help evaluate the potential of these reactions for the development of high- performance, solvent-free inks and coatings.